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ITU-T Jules Verne’s Corner 2010
“Make Possible the Impossible”
The travel for Telepathy
communication
(B to B communication)
Mitsuji Matsumoto
Waseda University
[email protected]
Julio Verne’s corner, Pune, India, 14 December 2010
Introduction
EV using IWM was invented by F. Porsche around 1900.
Wireless power supply using Magnetic Resonance and
wireless power transmission technology were born
around 1900.
New innovative idea do not result simply. The current
exciting technologies are based on the old idea.
In general, in order for technologies to become
popular, long time will be necessary. Sometimes the
main technologies depend on the accomplishment of
the peripheral technologies and well-appointed
technical environment. This mean that we should look
at the old idea or technologies again
When we consider the future, we should find the
seeds or eggs of technologies.
Julio Verne’s corner, Pune, India, 14 December 2010
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How to get Information from Brain
At present Brain activities is measured
by functional Magnetic Resonance
Imaging (fMRI) or Near Infrared
Spectroscopy (NIRS)
However can brain scans show
whether people are telling the
truth? (by Mark Harris)
This represents the location of
brain activity.
(Cerebral blood flow, etc.)
This is not suitable for mechanism
for Telepathy communication.
Julio Verne’s corner, Pune, India, 14 December 2010
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Information expression in the brain
What to measure is the activity of
neurons and it’s neural networks.
The main component for neural networks are
essence fluid brain, glial cells and neurons.
Synapse
Neuron Cell
Synapse
Dendrite
Brodmann's Cerebral cortex areas
Julio Verne’s corner, Pune, India, 14 December 2010
Carlson(1998)
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Fundamental Structure for Neuron
Negative
Neuron
Look at the Information
Expression of Brain
by Sakurai, 2008
Synapse
Input
Output
Glutamate
Positive Neuron
Spike
Carlson(1998)
Julio Verne’s corner, Pune, India, 14 December
2010
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Number of Neuron cell:1x 10
Number of Synapse/Neuron: 103  104
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Total Number of connection:1x 10
Span of Synapse :several 10μm
When Neuron get Input
signal through Synapse, the
electrical potential change to
0 or + and becomes Spike
(1ms) and transfered to the
next Neurons. (SAP?)
Neuron has a Large memory.
So the Neuron Network looks like
Ultra Large Scale LSI.
Neuron NW is manifold for
Combination of1015 Neurons and
Collaboration between them
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How to sence the information
Functional Neuron Group for Specific Information
Expression
Hypothesis of “Cell-Assembly” by O.B
Hebb (1949)
(1)overlapping between Neurons
(2) Functional combination Dynamics
Julio Verne’s corner, Pune, India, 14 December 2010
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How to detect the information
BMI/BCI
Electroencephalogram
Electrocorticogram
Electrocorticogram
Neuronal Ensemble Activity
Yodchanan2010
Wongsawat;”Trends on Brain-Computer Interface (BCI) in Communications”, ITU Thailand
Julio Verne’s corner, Pune, India, 14 December
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Brain Sensing/Imaging Technologies:
Why EEG?
MRI – only anatomical data
CT – only anatomical data
ECoG – highly invasive surgery
SPECT – radiation exposure
PET – radiation exposure
MEG – extremely expensive
fMRI – extremely expensive
fNIR – currently expensive, still in infancy
EEG – safe, easy, no medical expertise
Julio Verne’s corner, Pune, India, 14 December 2010
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EEG Recording
National Geographic,
March 2005
Julio Verne’s corner, Pune, India, 14 December 2010
NY Times Magazine,
October 16, 2005
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Rhythms of EEG
EEG appeared 300 ms after rare event
Julio Verne’s corner, Pune, India, 14 December 2010
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How to sense the expression information from the brain
How to get the spike signals from the brain
(1) Extracellular Recording
(2) Intracellular Recording
Screw
Cranium
Enlargement
Spike sorting
ms
stick
Stainless tube OD=200μm, ID=100μm
Tungsten wire BD=15μm・20μm
Julio Verne’s corner, Pune, India, 14 December 2010
Time ms
Sakurai 2008
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How to detect the information signal
Problem 1: Spike Overlap issue
Two adjacent spikes becomes active simultaneously
or different spike were occurrence
Adjacent Neuron separation
Problem 2: each Neuron has different characteristics.
Problem 3: Neurons are not always stable. Changing
within short time
Julio Verne’s corner, Pune, India, 14 December 2010
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Intracortical Recording Using Microelectrodes
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Signal Processing
Time Domain
- P300
- SCP
- MRP
- Spike Detection
Frequency Domain
- Band Power
- Synchronization
Spatial Domain
- Automatic Electrode Selection
- Laplacian Filter
- Common Spatial Pattern (CSP)
- Independent Component Analysis (ICA)
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Conclusion
 Telepathy communication service/system
will need further study.
 However, BMI/BCI will be advanced
hereafter 50 years. The solution will
apply to Accessibility for persons with
disable.
 Standardization of Telepathy
communication are for further study
Application
Julio Verne’s corner, Pune, India, 14 December 2010
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Can realize 2D or 3D Transmission system?
Ex. Can Endoscope like Kintaro-Ame
We are jumping into 4 dimensional web from 3 dimensional network
Can you give us 2D Transmission instead of 1D transmission today
Endoscope
offer 1D signal
Stick-Candy: Kintarou-Ame in Japan
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