Transcript Sexually Transmitted Diseases

Sexually Transmitted
Infections
Estimated number of new cases
annually:
HIV
Chlamydia
Gonorrhea
Syphilis
Herpes II
HPV
PID
Hepatitis B
Trich
40,000
3,000,000
1,000,000
70,000
1,000,000
5,500,000
1,000,000
120,000
5,000,000
Source: Center of Disease Control
Why are STD’s an epidemic?
1. Many of the STD’s have NO
symptoms!
2. Transmission can occur without
symptoms!
3. People will lie!
WE WILL DISCUSS:
• Frequency: how many each year, total #
• Cause: virus, bacteria etc.
• Symptoms: signs
• Treatment: medications, cure
• Consequences: what are the results?
THE FOLLOWING SEXUALLY
TRANSMITTED DISEASES ARE
CAUSED BY BACTERIAS!
GONORRHEA
• Dated back to the Greek and Roman
medical writings Middle Ages
widespread along with syphilis
• Caused by a bacteria
• Peak age is 15-25
• 300,000 reported cases
• 700,000 suspected cases
Gonorrhea
• Detected by swab or
cultures (in urethra)
• 50% of carriers have
no symptoms
• Nick names: clap or
drip
• Gonorrhea can also
be found in the
throat (oral sex) and
rectal area.
SYMPTOMS:
Men: burning,
discharge, swelling
• Drips form penis
WOMEN: burning,
discharge, bleeding,
pain
• Discharge is
greenish, yellow,
foul smelling
• Gonorrhea is a bacteria that can grow
and multiply easily in the warm moist
areas of the reproductive tract
including the cervix, uterus, fallopian
tubes of women, and the urethra in
women and men. Gonorrhea bacteria
can grow in mouth, throat, eyes, and
anus.
• Treatment: antibiotics, oral, injectable,
resistant cases (high rate)
Gonorrhea of the cervix
Consequences:
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Chronic pain
PID (pelvic inflammatory disease)
Infertility
Ectopic pregnancy (fallopian tube)
Joint infections
Easier HIV transmission
Newborns: blindness, joint infection
GEORGIA RANKS #5
IN GONORRHEA IN
WOMEN!
CHLAMYDIA
Frequency
• Not reported until 1964 and climbed
from 7,000 to 700,000 infected
• 3,000,000 new cases each year
• #1 bacterial STD in teens!
• Most common STD caused by bacteria!
Internal organs of the female
FYI
• The population in the US consists of an
estimated 4 million individuals per age
group.
• 5 year olds 4 million
• 6 year olds 4 million
• 7 year olds 4 million
SYMPTOMS:
• Burning, thin discharge
• 80% of males and females have no
symptoms!!!!
ASYMPTOMATIC: NO SIGNS OF THE DISEASE
TREATMENT:
• Oral antibiotics
Consequences
WOMEN:
– PID if untreated
– Infertility
– Ectopic pregnancy: baby dies, mother
could die, lose tube
– Arthritis
– Skin, eye, and urethra problems
– Newborn: blindness, pneumonia
SYPHILIS
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Caused by a bacteria (spirochete)
Christopher Columbus
Appeared in Europe in 1494
Old cure mercury
One of the few diseases with more men
diagnosed than women
• Has become a minor player in the US
• Known as “The Great Pretender”
• Marriage license takes blood test
THREE STAGES:
Stage 1: Painless sores called chancre appears 15 weeks after contact. Appears on mouth or sex
organs.
Stage 2: Body rash on hands, chest, back and
feet, no itching, fever, condyloma lata
(warts on bottom)
Stage 3: 2-25 years later-attacks brain, heart,
CNS, liver and kidneys
SYPHILIS
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Dementia
Seizures
Blindness
Paralysis
Heart Problems
Death
Treatment: Antibiotics, injectable
Is SEX worth it?
Lost Children Of Rockdale
County
• “The Lost children Of Rockdale County”
explores how a 1996 syphilis outbreak in a
well off Atlanta suburb affected over 200
teenagers and revealed their lives
unknown to parents: group sex, binge
drinking, drugs and violence. Some were
as young as 12 and 13 years old.
SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED
INFECTIONS CAUSED BY A
FUNGUS!
YEAST INFECTION
YEAST INFECTION
• Monlliasis (yeast infection)
FEMALES:
• Thick, white curdy, cottage cheese
discharge
• Itching, redness, irritations and swelling
MALES:
• Rash, itchy, redness, fungus grows in skin
folds
Yeast infections can be
transmitted sexually and
nonsexually:
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Pregnancy
Diabetes
Wet clothing
Antibiotics
Stress
Diet
Treatment: antibiotics
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Menstruation
Douching
Birth control pills
Obesity
Poor nutrition
YEAST INFECTION!
SEXUALLY
TRANSMITTED
DISEASES CAUSED BY
PARASITES!
TRICHOMONAS
• Caused by a protozoan parasites
• Most males and females have no
symptoms
FEMALES: greenish, yellow frothy
odorous vaginal discharge, swelling,
redness, burning
MALES: pain or burning, swelling or
redness
TREATMENT: antibiotics
PUBIC LICE (CRABS)
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Resembles little crabs
6 legs
Gray or rust color
Feeds off blood from
capillaries
• 30 day life span
• Swings from hair to
hair
• Infests hairy area
PUBIC LICE
SYMPTOMS:
itching, redness.
And rash
TREATMENT:
medication,
shampoo
TRANSMITTED BY:
• Close contact
• Clothing
• Bed linen
• Toilet seats
• Contact with lice
SCABIES
Nick named the 7 year itch
Mites need a human host
Burrow under skin to lay
eggs
Eggs hatch in 3-4 days
SYMPTOMS:
raised redden areas,
itching in infested
areas, infected due to
scratching
SCABIES!!!!!!
CAUSED BY A
MICROSCOPIC ORGANISM
VAGINITIS
• Caused by a microscopic organism
FEMALE: itching, discharge,
inflammation of genitals
MALE: few symptoms, itching
TREATMENT: antibiotics
CAUSED BY UNTREATED
SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED
INFECTIONS:
PID
PELVIC INFLAMMATORY
DISEASE
Sexually active women between 15 and 25
have the highest rate of infection.
PID infects the fallopian tube. Ovaries and/or
uterus. Infection may spread to the entire
pelvic region.
SCAR TISSUE CAN LEAD TO INFERTLITY!
Notice the right side and how inflamed and swollen the
fallopian tube is! The mucous is covering the ovary
compartment.
Symptoms of PID:
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Longer periods
More painful periods
Abnormal vaginal bleeding
Sever lower pain
Nausea and vomiting
Fever and chills
Temperature of 102 and greater
TREATMENT OF PID IS
USUALLY
HOSPITALIZATION!
SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED
INFECTIONS CAUSED BY
VIRUSES!
GENITAL WARTS
HERPES SIMPLEX 2
HIV/AIDS
GENITAL WARTS
• Caused by a virus
• Pinkish or reddish cauliflower shaped warts
in, on, or around the vagina, cervix, rectum
and vaginal opening of the female.
• Warts found on penal shaft, glans, and
rectum of the male.
• Incubation is several days to months after
contact
• Most common sexually transmitted virus!
GENTIAL WARTS (HPV)
There is no cure. They reappear thru
out one’s lifetime.
Greatly increases risk of cervical
cancer!
TREATMENT: chemical freezing, liquid
nitrogen, chemotherapy or laser
• VACCINES FOR HPV
Girls and women: Two vaccines (Cervarix and Gardasil) are
available to protect females against the types of HPV that cause
most cervical cancers. One of these vaccines (Gardasil) also
protects against most genital warts. Gardasil has also been
shown to protect against anal, vaginal and vulvar cancers. Either
vaccine is recommended for 11 and 12 year-old girls, and for
females 13 through 26 years of age, who did not get any or all of
the shots when they were younger. These vaccines can also be
given to girls beginning at 9 years of age. It is recommended to
get the same vaccine brand for all three doses, whenever
possible.
Boys and men: One available vaccine (Gardasil) protects males
against most genital warts and anal cancers. This vaccine is
available for boys and men, 9 through 26 years of age.
What is deadly about HPV?
Cervical cancer in women!
• Cervical cancer threatens fertility,
spontaneous abortions, anal cancer
• For men no treatment, no cure, can’t
help and condoms DO NOT protect
them.
5.5 million new infections
each year!
80% of sexually active
women will be infected!
98% of the infected people
will have no visible signs of
the warts!
GENITAL HERPES
Also known as Herpes Simplex 2!
1 out of 6 people 14 to 49 years
of age have genital HSV-2
herpes. I
HERPES SIMPLEX 1
Oral herpes
• Cold sores and
fever
blisters
• Caused by stress,
poor nutrition, sun
• Does not have to be
sexually transmitted
HERPES SIMPLEX 2
Genital herpes
• Incubates for 6 days
• Painful, itching
blisters
• Pop open, oozy
sores
• Crust over and
makes scabs
• Can be found on
thighs and bottom
• Have flu like
symptoms
Herpes
• Detected by special blood test. Must be
requested
• Due to the rise of oral sex type 1 and 2
have been found to change locations
(genital areas).
• Nearly 25% of the population over 12
years of age is seropostive for herpes 2!
• 90% of infected people are unaware of the
infection.
HERPES 2
• On the male blisters
can be found on
penis, scrotum,
rectal area, and
thighs
• On the females the
blisters can be
found in vagina,
rectum, cervix and
thighs
THERE IS NO CURE!
HERPES IS CAUSED BY VIRUS WHICH SITS IN
YOUR NERVOUS SYSTEM.
THE BLISTERS WILL COME AND GO
THROUGH OUT LIFE!
45 MILLION CURRENT CASES!
1 MILLION NEW CASES EACH YEAR!
FYI: THERE ARE AN
ESTIMATED
290 MILLION
INDIVIDUALS IN THE
US!
HEPATITIS
• Hepatitis A is transmitted thru fecal matter.
There is a vaccine and it can be treated.
No long lasting effect to liver.
• Hepatitis B is rare.
• Hepatitis C is blood borne…like HIV
needles, blood etc. very dangerous
Hepatitis
A liver disease caused by any of
several types of viruses transmitted by
infected needles( drug use, tattoos,
blood transfusions), by eating raw
seafood from contaminated water, and
by any contact (including sexual
contact) with body secretions from
infected people.
• Hepatitis means “inflammation of the
liver”
• Attacks the liver causing jaundice, liver
cancer and death
• Hepatitis A (food),
• Hepatitis B (sexual, blood, fluids)
• 450,000 with a chronic disease
• 120,000 new sexual cases each year
• No treatment but there is a vaccine!
HIV/AIDS