Transcript ch 31 clicker ?s

CLICKER QUESTIONS
For CAMPBELL BIOLOGY, NINTH EDITION
Jane B. Reece, Lisa A. Urry, Michael L. Cain, Steven A. Wasserman, Peter V. Minorsky, Robert B. Jackson
Chapter 31
Fungi
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Questions prepared by
Christopher Gregg
Louisiana State University
Ruth Buskirk
University of Texas at Austin
Michael Dini
Texas Tech University
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Which individual organism in this picture
probably has more biomass?
a) fungus
b) tree
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Like animals, fungi are heterotrophs and use
enzymes to break down food macromolecules into
monomers that their cells can use. What is true
about these fungal enzymes that is not generally
true of animal enzymes?
a) Many of them catalyze hydrolysis reactions.
b) They reduce the activation energy and speed up
reactions.
c) They are proteins that are specific for digesting certain
types of molecules.
d) All of the above
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Which of the following is a role NOT performed
by any fungi?
a) decomposer
b) parasite
c) predator
d) producer
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You are presented with several single-celled
organisms, including one thought to belong to
the kingdom Fungi. What unique feature helps
you identify the fungus?
a) presence of mitochondria
b) absence of chloroplasts
c) presence of chitin
d) presence of nuclei
e) presence of chitinous cell walls
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When does meiosis occur in fungi?
a) during asexual reproduction
b) following the fusion of nuclei
c) immediately after the fusion of two fungal cells
d) after the fusion of cytoplasm but before the fusion of
nuclei
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In animals, an individual consisting of diploid
cells is usually in the life stage in which it
signals to attract a mate and determines
whether the potential mate is compatible. What
life stages typically accomplish these functions
in fungi?
a) haploid spores
b) haploid hyphae
c) heterokaryon hyphae
d) diploid hyphae
e) diploid spores
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Which phylogenetic tree represents the
evolutionary history of the fungi based on the
most recent data?
c) _
a)
b) _
d) _
Your parents are coming to visit so you
immediately run to the pantry to throw away
the loaf of bread with the black fuzzy stuff on it.
What phylum of fungi did you probably just
trash?
a) Basidiomycota
b) Ascomycota
c) Zygomycota
d) Chytridiomycota
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You have been given the task of finding living
members of the phylum Glomeromycota.
Where is the best place to look for these fungi?
a) the roots of vascular plants
b) between the toes of someone with athlete's foot
c) growing on rocks and tree bark
d) in stagnant freshwater ponds
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You are given a fungus to identify. It has a
fruiting body that contains many structures with
eight haploid spores lined up in a row. What
kind of fungus is this?
a) zygomycete
b) chytrid
c) deuteromycete
d) ascomycete
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Which feature of the chytrids supports the
hypothesis that they represent the most
primitive fungi?
a) flagellated spores
b) the absence of chitin within the cell wall
c) parasitic lifestyle
d) formation of resistant zygosporangia
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Which of the following diagrams represents the
defining feature of the Ascomycota?
c)
a)
d)
b)
e)
Neurospora is an ascomycete mold that is an important
model organism for genetics research. Researchers
carefully open an ascus (sac) and analyze the genes of the
eight ascospores contained within it. Why does analysis of
spores in an ascus make it easy to study genetic
recombination in Neurospora?
a) The eight ascospores are genetically identical haploid nuclei made
by mitosis.
b) The eight ascospores are four copies each of the two dikaryon
nuclei.
c) The eight ascospores are two copies each of the four haploid
products of one meiosis.
d) The eight ascospores are each genetically different haploid products
of one meiosis.
e) The eight ascospores are genetically identical diploid nuclei made
by mitosis.
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If you analyze the cells of the body of a
basidiomycete mushroom, such as those we
eat, you would find that most cells contain what
nuclei?
a) one haploid nucleus
b) two or more genetically identical haploid nuclei
c) two non identical haploid nuclei
d) one diploid nucleus
e) two or more genetically identical diploid nuclei
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In fields or open areas in woodlands, one can
occasionally find a “fairy ring,” a ring of mushroom
fruiting bodies arranged roughly in a circle, which can
be many meters in diameter. Which is the correct
explanation for this?
a) Mushrooms have grown where a circle of spores was deposited
previously.
b) The circle of mushrooms represents the survivors or “winners” of
many fungi that competed with each other.
c) The circle represents the edge of a large underground feeding
mycelium that produced fruiting bodies in many places at once.
d) The circle represents the outer edge of a good habitat for the
mushrooms.
e) The circle is where fairies have danced in a ring.
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How many individual fungi are observable in
this picture?
a) 1
b) 5
c) 46
d) 52
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Which of these is an example of a fungus that
initially parasitizes a living organism, and then
continues living on it as a decomposer after the
organism dies?
a) black bread mold
b) yeasts
c) mycorrhizal fungus
d) wheat rust
e) shelf fungus
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Many fungi produce antibiotics, for example,
penicillin, that are effective at stopping bacterial
growth. Which do you think is the evolutionary
advantage to the fungus of secreting antibacterial
chemicals?
a) defense: preventing bacteria from infecting the fungus
b) defense: preventing bacteria from killing fungal spores
c) symbiosis: attracting helpful bacteria
d) competition: destroying bacteria that compete for their
food
e) predatory: fungus can then consume the bacteria
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Lichens are a symbiotic association between a fungus
and a photosynthetic microbe and are often among
the first organisms to grow on bare rock or volcanic
deposits. What features of lichens allow them to be so
successful as new colonizers on bare rock?
a) Fungal hyphae have extensive surface area for absorbing
runoff water without any soil.
b) Fungal hyphae secrete weak acids that break down the rock
surface and permit attachment.
c) Some lichen microbes conduct their own nitrogen fixation.
d) The photosynthetic partners in lichens have little competition
for sunlight.
e) All of the above
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