Transcript Psychology of Food Choice

CHARACTERISTICS
OF KINGDOMS
2 cell types
• Prokaryotic- no nucleus, few or no
organelles, membranes
– Small
– Bacteria
• Eukaryotic- has organelles and
membranes
– Every living thing except bacteria
• For years scientist recognized only two groups,
prokaryotes and eukaryotes
• Ribosome analysis showed one group of
prokaryotes are much more closely related to
eukaryotes than the other group of prokaryotes is
• Thus three super kingdoms or DOMAINS were
established:
– Bacteria- prokaryotes, the oldest organisms.
Contains only the kingdom Eubacteria
– Archaea- prokaryotes. Contains only the
kingdom Archaebacteria
– Eukarya- eukaryotes. Most complex. Contains
kingdoms Protista, Fungi, Plantae, &Animalia
The domains that living things
are divided into
• Bacteria
• Archaea
• Eukarya
The kingdoms that living things
are divided into
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Eubacteria
Archaebacteria
Protista
Fungi
Plantae
Animalia
WAY THEY ORGANIZE
THEIR CELLS
(body types)
Multicellular
- many cells make up the living thing and the cells
depend on each other for life processes
Unicellular
-one cell is the whole living thing
Colonial
-many cells live together and function like ONE
living thing when actually they are capable of living
as INDIVIDUAL living things
WAYS LIVING THINGS GET
THEIR ENERGY
(nutrition)
• Some are photosynthetic
• Make their own food by using the sun’s light
• Examples?
• Most are heterotrophs
• Must get their nutrition from something else because they can’t
make it themselves
• Examples?
• A (very) few are chemotrophs
• They make their own food by using minerals like sulfur and
magnesium (FROM ROCKS)
• They live in the abyss
REPRODUCTION
Asexual
No exchange of genetic material;
offspring identical to parents
Sexual
exchange of genetic material
from both parents
Advantages of
Asexual reproduction
don’t have challenges of finding
another individual to share genes
with
Lots of offspring rather quickly
Disadvantages of
asexual reproduction
There’s no variation, therefore no
opportunity for change (evolution)
in a changed environment they all
might die
Advantages of sexual
reproduction
There’s variation, therefore
opportunity for change (evolution)
Gives chance for survival in a
changed environment
Disadvantages of
sexual reproduction
have challenges of finding another
individual of your species to
share genes with
Few offspring
EUBACTERIA
• True bacteria
–Some are photosynthetic
–Most are heterotroph
–A few are chemotrophic
ARCHAEBACTERIA
Bacteria ( prokaryotic )
Cell walls are different than other
prokaryotes b/c no peptidoglycan
But have many similarities to eukaryotic in
proteins, and genes
PROTISTA
“Junk drawer” kingdom that doesn’t quite fit anywhere
else
They were ALMOST in the other kingdoms
Often grouped according to what they ALMOST were
Animal like protist- Plant like protist-Fungi like protist
Why not bacteria like protist?
Click The Protist
FUNGI
MULTICELLULAR
CHEMOTROPHIC HETEROTROPHS
ALONG WITH BACTERIA THESE ARE THE
GREATEST SAPROBES (DECOMPOSERS) ON
THE PLANET
Click Here
PLANTAE
Multicellular
Cell type?
Phototrophic autotrophs
Reproduction?
Click Here for help
ANIMALIA
Cellular arrangement?
How do they get nourishment?
Reproduction?
Click Here for Help