Transcript Energy=mass x speed of light²

Energy = mass x speed of light²
How Plant and Animal Cells Get
Their Energy
Why do cells need energy?
• The feeling of hunger is the way your cells
tell you that they need energy
• Cells need energy for:
– Life
– Growing
– Dividing/Reproducing
Plants and Energy
• You’ve learned that plants
don’t have to eat like
animals do
• They capture energy from
the sun
– And then change it into
food (photosynthesis)
• Plants, algae, and even
some bacteria
photosynthesize
Photosynthesis
• Chlorophyll, found in
the chloroplasts, traps
sunlight
• The sun’s energy is
combined with Carbon
Dioxide (CO2)—what
we breathe out—and
Water (H20) from rain
to make Glucose
Photosynthesis Products
• Sunlight + carbon
dioxide + water =
glucose and oxygen
• Glucose is then sent to
the mitochondria (just
like in animals) to be
used for energy in the
cell
• Oxygen is released, so
we can breathe
(without plants, we
don’t breathe!)
Animals and Energy
• Animal cells need oxygen
to break down the food we
eat
– Cellular Respiration
– Fermentation
• We use oxygen (breathing)
and glucose (eating) and
produce carbon dioxide,
water, and energy (ATP)
Cellular Respiration
• The process of
breaking down food
(like glucose) into
carbon dioxide and
water to create energy
– Both animals and
plants do this
• Takes place in
mitochondria
Fermentation
• Breaking down food
without using oxygen
– Releases less energy
than if oxygen were
used
• This process creates
the burning sensation
in your muscles when
you exercise
Photosynthesis and Cellular
Respiration Work as a Cycle
• Photosynthesis
produces glucose
and oxygen
• Cellular
Respiration uses
glucose and
oxygen to make
energy
– And produces water
and carbon dioxide,
which plants use for
photosynthesis!