Transcript Chapter 9
Life Functions Common to Living Things 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. Transportation: moving the organism, it’s parts or internal material Nutrition: producing or getting food Reproduction: making new cells or organisms Regulations: responding to changes in the surroundings Metabolism: breathing, digesting, eliminating waste Synthesis: directing cell activities to create needed substances Certain cells are designed for different jobs/roles Nerve cells conduct impulses to the brain and spinal cord Muscle cells contract Blood cells carry oxygen Plants makes food during photosynthesis Plants use energy from the sun, along with carbon dioxide and water to make glucose (sugar) and oxygen carbon dioxide + water + sunlight (energy) → glucose +oxygen Energy stored in food is used by the mitochondria and changed to a form of energy that the cell can use to grow and do work Half the energy stored in glucose is released as thermal energy (heat) The process requires oxygen and produces carbon dioxide and water glucose + oxygen → carbon dioxide + water + energy Photosynthesis stores energy Cellular respiration releases energy Maybe you noticed already but the equations for photosynthesis and cellular respiration are opposite of each other They are closely connected in a cycle Digestive System ◦ Breaks down and digests food ◦ Rids the body of solid wastes ◦ Parts include: teeth, stomach, large intestine Nervous System ◦ Provides a communication network ◦ Regulates life functions ◦ Parts include: brain, spinal cord, nerves Circulatory System ◦ Blood transports food molecules, oxygen, carbon dioxide, wastes ◦ Parts include: heart, veins arteries Urinary System ◦ Kidney filters blood that has collected wastes from cells and then transports these wastes to the urinary bladder ◦ Urinary bladder holds waster until they’re excreted ◦ Parts include: kidney, ureter and urinary bladder Blood pressure cuff: used to check blood pressure Stethoscope: used to check heart rate X-ray: shows damage to bone, can go through soft tissue like skin and muscles CAT scan: an x-ray of the brain to check for swelling or internal bleeding EKG (Electrocardiography): diagnosis heart disorders, show heartbeat pattern EEG: shows brain activity Endoscope: allows doctors to see inside hollow organs like the stomach to check for problems Blood is pumped through the body by the heart You can feel this pulse with your fingers, it will tell you have fast your heart is beating A sphygmomanometer measures bp It gives you two numbers, the top number should be around 120 and is referred to systolic blood pressure, it is from when your heart contracts to move the blood Diastolic is the other number, it is usually around 80 and is when the heart relaxes