Transcript Links Between Oral Disease and Chronic Disease

75% of adults have some form of periodontal disease.
The majority of people do not know they have it,
because it is usually painless in its early stages.
Is chronic gum disease contributing to chronic
inflammation
throughout the body?
Periodontal (Gum) Diseases are linked to:
– Heart Disease
– Lung Disease
– Diabetes
– Pre-mature, low-birth weight babies
HEART DISEASE
Bacteria found in the mouth can enter the blood
stream and spread throughout the body. This
bacteria can:
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infect the heart, as well as other organs
cause inflamed coronary arteries ( can lead to
heart attacks and strokes)
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Individuals with undiagnosed or
uncontrolled diabetes are more likely to
have periodontal disease than people
without diabetes
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Individuals with well-controlled diabetes
have no more periodontal disease than
persons without diabetes
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The rate of developing periodontal disease in
a person with diabetes is two to three times
greater than in those without the disease
Those with poorly controlled diabetes
respond poorly to any periodontal therapy
A diabetic who smokes and is over 45 is 20
times more likely than a nonsmoking,
nondiabetic to have severe periodontitis
Lung Disease
or
Respiratory Ailments
Bacteria associated with periodontal disease
can travel from the mouth to the lungs
where it can lead to
or aggravate respiratory diseases.
 Conditions,
habits, or diseases
that increase an individual’s
susceptibility to periodontal
infection
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Tobacco use
Osteoporosis
Hormone alterations
Systemic medications
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Important risk factor in development and
progression of periodontal disease
More significant than poor oral hygiene

12 to 14 times more likely than nonsmokers
to have severe loss of tissue and/or bone

Likely to lose more teeth than nonsmokers

18 times more likely to be infected with
periodontal pathogens than nonsmokers
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Smoking may be responsible for more than
50% of cases of periodontal disease among
adults in the US
Extent of periodontal disease is directly
related to the number of cigarettes smoked
and number of years of smoking
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Affects more than 20 million people in US
May be a link in skeletal osteoporosis and
oral bone loss
Does not initiate tissue destruction but may
aggravate the progression of periodontal
disease

Levels of sex hormones vary throughout life:
◦ Puberty
◦ Pregnancy
◦ Menopause

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Pubertal gingivitis
occurs equally in males
and females
Pregnancy gingivitis Usually occurs in
patients who have
gingivitis before
becoming pregnant
Oral changes related to:
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Dry mouth
Burning sensation
Altered taste
Bone loss may be worsened
Effects of Oral Medications
- Effect on Gingival Tissues - overgrowth
- Effect on Salivary Flow – dry mouth
Medications Associated with Gingival
Enlargement
- Phenytoin
- Cyclosporine
- Nifedipine
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More than 400 over-the-counter and
prescription drugs have xerostomic effects
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Antihypertensives – blood pressure
Narcotic analgesics – pain medication
Tranquilizers Diuretics – water
Antihistamines - allergy
Sedatives

Oral cavity as Source of Infection
◦ Pathogenic bacteria enter bloodstream and cause
disease in other parts of body

Relationship of inflammation in the mouth
and inflammatory diseases in the body
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The good news is taking care of your mouth
provides more than healthy teeth and gums –
it may reduce your risk of chronic diseases or
more severe forms of some chronic diseases
Pain and suffering don’t have to be an
option…..
What
can you do?