Transcript Incorporating Periodontal Medicine into Clinical Practice Maria

Risk Factors for Periodontal Disease
• Heredity
– Family history, PST-test
• Smoking
– Frequency, Current, Past
• Diabetes
– Duration, Control
• Stress
– Reported by patient
• Medications
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Calcium channel blockers
Dilantin
Cyclosporin
Known to cause dry mouth
• Nutrition
• Obesity
• Poor oral hygiene
– Plaque and calculus
• Faulty dentistry
– Overhangs, Subgingival margins
• Hormonal variations
– Pregnancy
• Increased estradiol & progesterone
– Menopause
• Decreased estrogen, osteoporosis
• Immunocompromise
– HIV
– Neutropenia
• Connective tissue diseases
• Previous history of periodontitis
Important Factors to Consider in Assessing the Periodontal
Status of Patients with Diabetes
• Degree of Metabolic Control
• Duration of Disease
• Presence of Other Long-term Complications
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Retinopathy
Angiopathy
Nephropathy
Neuropathy
Delayed Wound Healing
• Concurrent Risk Factors
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Plaque
Smoking
Stress
Medications
Hormonal Variations
• Adolescence
• Pregnancy
• Menopause
Obesity
• An independent risk factor for periodontal disease
– After statistical adjustment for other periodontal risk
factors such as
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Age
Gender
Socioeconomic status
Smoking
Diabetes
Plaque
Genco et al.,
Bissada et al.