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PROBIOTIK EFFECTS TOWARDS THE HEALTH OF THE DIGESTIVE TRACT ORAL BIOLOGY DEPARTEMENT AIRLANGGA UNIVERSITY 2008-2009 GROUP MEMBERS : Windy Yuliartanti Antonia Dea Kartika Fresynandia K.P. Hygea Kama Ratih Widya Astuti Sulyani Meivira Anindita C. Rini Tiara Rachmawati Virliani Eva Olivina Torry Astri Retno W Ab Hafeez Bin Ab Rahman 020810062 020810064 020810065 020810066 020810069 020810071 020810072 020810074 020810075 020810076 020810317 Probiotik Definition • In general, Probiotics are live micro-organisms (in most cases, bacteria) which are found identical to helpful micro-organisms found in the human intestine. • According to the currently adopted definition by Food and Agriculture Organization /World Health Organization, probiotics are: ‘Live microorganisms which when administered in adequate amounts confer a health benefit on the host’. • Probiotics are available in foods and dietary supplements (for example, capsules, tablets, and powders) and in some other forms as well. • Examples of foods containing probiotics are yogurt, fermented and unfermented milk, miso, tempeh, and some juices and soy beverages Types of Probiotic Bacteria * Good Bacteria Examples Bifidobacterium, Eubacterium, and Lactobacillus (Lactic acid bacteria). * Bad or Pathogenic Bacteria Examples Clostridium, Salmonella, Shigella, and Candida. A few fermented pruducts containg lactic acid and having probiotic effects • • • • • : Kefir Yoghurt Sauerkraut Kimchi Kombucha Characteristics of good bacteria that can be used as probiotic agent, including: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Having antimicrobial activities Resistant to digestion tract selection system Having anti carcinogenic activities Able to colonize in the intestinal tract Able to improve intestinal absorption Main functions of probiotic food : • • • • Maintain a balance of intestinal bacteria Reduce blood cholesterol level Prevent the formation of cancer cells Helps the digestion of lactose (sugar in milk) Benefits of Probiotics 1. Maintaining a balance between pathogenic bacteria and good bacteria in the intestine 2. Help clean up the tract and produce vitamins 3. Help liver function in detoxifying 4. Prevent diarrhea, constipation and allergies 5. Reduce the possibility of allergic reactions 6. Probiotik overcomes human indigestion problem 7. Prevents IBS ( Irritable bowel syndrome) 8. Increase the system’s immunity The beneficial bacteria in the alimentary tract, including • • • • • Lactobacilus acidophilus Lactobaciluus casei Bifidobacterium bifidum Bifidobacterium langum Saccharomyces boulardii : • Lactobacillus bulgaricus Lactobacillus casei Bifidobacterium Examples of pathogenic bacteria in the alimentary tract: 1. Staphylococcus aureus 2. Salmonella : causes enteric fever and gastroentritis 3. Shigella : causes shigellosis (Basher dysentery) 4. Vibrio cholerae 5. Clostridium botulinum 6. Pseudomonas cocovenenans food Digestion Chemical digestion enzyme Mechanical digestion Bacterial mutualism Inside Body Normal flora Outside body Probiotics mouth esophagus stomach Small intestine E.coli Bifidobacterium Lactobacillus Eubacterium Large intestine rectum Fights pathogenic bacteria Bacterial balance Healthy digestion Conclusion Probiotics are bacterias that are helpful to the human health especially for the human digestive system. Consumption of Probiotics will help the digestive system to funtion at its best.