Transcript Chapter 11-3 Water Pollution - Room N

Chapter 11-3 Water Pollution
1/08
Water Pollution
• Introduction of chemical, physical or
biological agents that adversely affect
the organisms that depend upon that
water
Point-source versus
Nonpoint-source pollution
• Point-source can be traced to a
source
• Nonpoint –source comes from
many different sources that are
often hard to identify
Pathogens
• Parasites, bacteria and
viruses that cause illness
in living things
• Many spend part of their
life cycle in water
• Pathogens carried by
water cause more human
deaths than any other
environmental problem
Cholera
• Acute diarrhea
• Caused by bacteria
• Infected food water,
shellfish
• Heat kills cholera
bacteria
Dysentery
• Several bacteria and
protozoa responsible
• Vomiting, severe
diarrhea
• Cause water
contamination
• Heat kills most of
these
Typhoid Fever
• Salmonella Thyphi
• Only people carry the
bacteria
• Shed in feces
• Vaccination available
• Boil it , cook it, peel it
or forget it
Schistosomiasis
• Caused by
microscopic worms
• Enters through the
skin of people who
walk in infected water
• Attacks liver, urinary
bladder, and intestines
Schistosomiasis
• Africa, Middle East,
Egypt
• 100 million people
affected
• 1 million deaths
annually
• Aswan Dam
WAPI 158 degrees F
Malaria
• Protozoan
• Transmitted by
mosquito
• The mosquitoes breed
in standing water
• 800 million affected
• 1 million deaths
annually
Organic Matter
• Animal and
plant remains,
feces etc.
Organic Chemicals
• Pesticides,
fertilizer,
gasoline, oil
etc..
• Runoff from
farmlands
• Organic pesticides,
herbicides and
fertilizers
Inorganic chemicals
• Acids, bases,
salts, etc..
Heavy Metals
• Dangerous heavy
metals include:
Mercury, lead,
cadmium, nickel,
chromium and
Slipknot.
Physical Agents
• Heat and
suspended solids
Wastewater
• Contains waste
from homes or
industry
Treatment
• Primary – filtration
and settling. Gets
the big stuff out
Secondary
• Aeration
• Second settling
tank
• Chlorination to
kill pathogens
Artificial eutrophication
• Caused by
fertilizer run-off
or other organic
wastes
Thermal Pollution
• Heat can be a
type of water
pollution
• Power Plants
• Reservoirs
Groundwater Pollution
• Any polluted
surface water can
become polluted
groundwater
• Very hard to
clean up
Ocean Pollution
• Oil spills –
Exxon Valdez
1989
• Plastics
Cleaning up water pollution
• Clean Water Act
of 1972
• Safe Drinking
water act of 1996