Transcript Slide 1

iAs continues to poison the drinking water of
tens of millions of people around the world
More than 2.3 million people in North Carolina
use water from private, unregulated wells
Data from 2009
Sanders et al 2011
>63,000 wells over 10 yrs
Max=800 ppb
1436 wells contaminated above 10 ppb
Hundreds exceeded 50 ppb
More than 2.3 million people in North Carolina
use water from private, unregulated wells
Data from 2009
75,000 people
Sanders et al 2011
>63,000 wells over 10 yrs
Max=800 ppb
1436 wells contaminated above 10 ppb
Hundreds exceeded 50 ppb
Cytochrome c oxidase
• The enzyme cytochrome c
oxidase or Complex IV) is a
large transmembrane protein
complex found in bacteria
and the mitochondrion.
• The complex contains two
hemes a cytochrome a and
cytochrome a3, and two
copper centers, the CuA and
CuB centers
1
2
3
Cd and Zn transporters
Methylmercury and methionine
Monovalent, divalent
elemental
inorganic
Inhibits ability to make hemoglobin
Cr(VI) is generally considered 1,000 times more toxic than Cr(III) [EPA 1998; ATSDR 2000; Dayan and Paine 2001].
• The toxicity of chromium compounds depends
on the oxidation state of the metal.
• Occupational exposure to chromium(VI)
compounds has been associated with
increased incidence of lung cancer.
• Chromium(III) is an essential nutrient that can
be toxic in large doses.