Incidence of Breast Cancer in Canada.
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Transcript Incidence of Breast Cancer in Canada.
Educational Module
Cervical Cancer Screening
Cervical Cancer in Ontario 2013
Estimated new cases:
610
Estimated deaths:
150
Regular Pap tests combined with the HPV
vaccine can prevent cervical cancer
What is The Cervix?
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What is Cervical Cancer?
Abnormal cells on the cervix
Like all cells, cervical cells can change
Changes in cervical cells usually occur slowly,
over many years
Some changes go away on their own
Some can develop into cancer (if not found and
treated)
The Good News
We have known for many years that finding
cervical cancer early saves lives
80% reduction in mortality since 1960
Pap tests find the cancer early
The Good News
A 1943 study following first Pap test in 1928, showed
that:
cervical cancer could be diagnosed by a Pap test
that if found early enough, cervical cancer
can be cured
The Ontario Cervical
Screening Program (OCSP)
Women age 21 – 70
Who have been
sexually active
Every three years
Human Papilloma Virus (HPV)
HPV is found in both men and women
there are more than one hundred “types” of
HPV divided into:
‐
high-risk HPV: can cause cancer
‐
low-risk HPV: causes genital warts
Human Papilloma Virus (HPV)
All cervical cancers are caused by HPV:
Types 16 and 18
70% of cervical cancer
Types 6 and 11
90% of genital warts
Human Papilloma Virus (HPV)
Very common
Can cause cancer
Transmitted skin-to-skin genital
contact and/or during sexual
intercourse
How is HPV Spread?
Skin-to-skin contact, most often during
penetrative genital contact (vaginal or anal sex).
Other types of genital contact
Condoms may decrease risk, but don’t eliminate
risk
How Common is HPV?
Infection can spread rapidly after
onset of sexual activity:
36% or more infected
after 3 years
We Can Prevent HPV Infection
HPV vaccine
Approved for women age 9 - 45
Recommended for men age 9 - 26
Available to grade 8 girls at no cost through public
health school program
3 doses needed
Human Papillomavirus (HPV) Prevention and HPV Vaccines: Questions and Answers. http://www.phac-aspc.gc.ca/std-mts/hpv-vph/hpv-vph-vaccine-eng.php
Things to Remember…
HPV vaccine prevents infection
HPV vaccine does not replace Pap tests
Pap test detects cell changes before they
become cancer
Almost all cervical cancers can
be prevented if cell changes are
found early and treated
Natural History of HPV Infection
and Cervical Cancer
Infection
Return to normal
Persistent
infection
Return to normal
Low grade
abnormalities
High grade
abnormalities
Cervical cancer
Low grade
abnormalities
Return to
normal
Infection
Persistent
infection
Vaccine prevents
Low grade
abnormalities
High grade
abnormalities
Cervical cancer
Pap test detects
Questions?
Thank you