Transcript Learning Objects for Web-Based and Web

Learning Objects for WebBased and Web-Enhanced
Instruction
Mike Cipriani
First, Some Background…
What’s the difference between web-based and web-enhanced instruction?
Web-based instruction involves
educational activities that take
place exclusively via computerized
course delivery, generally through
the internet.
Web-enhanced instruction is
when classroom activities use
computers, again generally the
internet, to augment the learning
process.
Three Important Definitions related to WebBased & Web-Enhanced Instruction
Information = material communicated
through a flow of messages to a learner
Instruction = information that is
deliberately sequenced to create a
learning opportunity
Learning = the cognitive processing of
information by the learner
Web sites use Information and
Instruction to stimulate learning
Web sites deliver information,
instruction and learning by using
learning objects
What is a Learning Object?
The Learning Technology Standards
Committee says:
"[A]ny entity, digital or non-digital, that may
be used for learning, education or training”
For our purposes, this definition is too…
We need something more specific….
For This Context, What is a
Learning Object?
We will use Wiley’s definition:
“Any digital resource that can be reused to support
learning”
Key Words in Wiley’s Definition:
Digital = available in electronic form;
readable and manipulable by computer.
Reused = use again after processing
Thus, we are narrowing our
working definition of Learning
Objects to those used in webbased & web-enhanced instruction.
Five Types of Learning Objects
Fundamental
Combined-Closed
Combined-Open
Generative-Presentation
Generative-Instructional
Fundamental
An individual digital resource, usually a
visual aid that conveys information
Example: A diagram of the internal parts of
a computer
http://www.discount-computersnow.com/images/build-your-own-computerpic.jpg
Combined-Closed
A small number of digital resources
combined with a single purpose and
whose individual elements are not
reusable from the object itself
Example: A video explaining how to install
an IDE internal hard drive
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bt7ve7IeA
GE
Combined-Open
A large number of digital resources
combined for a purpose whose elements
are reusable as separate learning objects
Example: An informational web page
http://history.sandiego.edu/GEN/recording/co
mputer1.html
Generative-Presentation
A combination of learning objects in a specific
structure that generates a presentation for
instruction or reference
Example: A page of links to tutorials that
together teach the Java programming language
http://java.sun.com/docs/books/tutorial/
Generative-Instructional
A combination of learning objects in a specific
structure that generates an abstract instructional
strategy and means to assess it
Example: A tutorial with interactive practice and
quizzes for learning HTML
http://www.w3schools.com/html/
References & Additional Info.
http://opencontent.org/wiki/index.php?title=Learning_Object_Metaph
ors
http://www.eurodl.org/materials/contrib/2005/Santally.htm
http://www.minddrops.com/Talks/innovations2002boston.htm
http://opencontent.org/docs/lo_do.pdf
http://www.reusability.org/read/#1
http://technologysource.org/article/preparing_teachers_to_use_learn
ing_objects/
http://www.uwm.edu/Dept/CIE/AOP/LO_what.html
Grabowski, B. and Small, R. (1997). "Information, Instruction and
Learning: A Hypermedia Perspective". Performance Improvement
Quarterly, 10(1), pp.156-166