Transcript genetics-and-heredity ppt

Genetics & Heredity
Stand up for
Candy!
Heredity or Environment?

Color of hair
 Color of eyes
 Color of Skin
 General health
 Personality traits
 Strength of eyesight
 Physical strength
 IQ
 Height

Relationship with family
 Relationship with friends
 Level of education
 Sex
 Body Type
 Weight
 Religious involvement
 Birth Defects
 Blood Type
Study Guide T/F Questions

T The
1. _______
passing on of traits
from parent to child is
called heredity.
Environmental
influences are the
surroundings that we
are placed in.

READ The Scenario: Sammy has brown eyes
and is five years old. She attends a neighborhood
preschool every day. Her teachers have fallen in
love with her witty personality and honey-colored
hair. She is very intelligent and does well with the
tasks assigned to her. Sammy’s parents are
divorced and she misses her father very much.
Sammy has juvenile arthritis and must see the
doctor often. At her last doctor’s visit, the doctor
reminded Sammy’s mom that diabetes has run in
her family for several generations and that Sammy
should be watched closely for any early symptoms
of diabetes. Sammy’s growth chart shows that she
will probably be small for her age.
List the Heredity Influences in the above scenario:
List the Environmental Influences in the above
scenario:
T Genes carry
 2. _______
inherited traits that are
passed on from
generations to
generations. Hundreds of
thousands of genes,
which make up the traits
of human beings, are
carried on every
chromosome.

F
3. ________Heredity
influences such
personal aspects as
eye color, personality,
and food preference.

T Dominant
4. _______
genes are stronger
genes and recessive
genes are weaker.


DOMINANT
Brown hair
Other Color hair
Brown eyes
Straight hair line
Free Earlobes
Roll Tongue
Second finger shorter then the 4th
T
5. _______
In the
formation of a new
individual where the
genes are both
Hitchhiker’s thumb
recessive and
 RECESSIVE
dominant, the
Blonde hair
dominant will
Red hair
Blue Eyes
overpower.
Widows peak
Attached earlobes
Can’t roll tongue
Interlock hands and right thumb on top
No hitchhiker’s thumb
Dominant vs. Recessive
a.
widow’s peak
a.
b.
Unattached earlobe
a.
c.
Attached earlobe
Short fingers
a.
d.
Continuous hairline
Long fingers
Freckles
a.
Lack of freckles
T It is
6. _______
probable that a
dominant brown-eyed
mother and a
recessive blue-eyed
father will have a
brown-eyed child.
Determine the chances of passing on a genetic trait in the
following situation:

The wife is blue-eyed and carries genes for blue eyes on
both of the chromosome pairs. The husband is brown
eyed and carries a gene for brown eyes on one of the
pairs and a gene for blue eyes on he other one of the
pairs. Complete the following grid to determine the
chances for each of their children to be born with blue or
brown eyes.
B = dominant brown gene b = recessive blue gene

There is a _____________________ in four chance that
the child will have brown eyes and carry a gene for blue
eyes.

There is a _____________________ in four chance that
the child will have blue eyes and carry genes for only
blue eyes.
Wife B
Husband
B
Husband
b
Wife b
BB
Bb
bB
bb

T
7. _______
It is
probable that a child
can have recessive
light colored hair even
though both of his
parents have
dominant dark
colored hair.
Red Hair and blue –green eyes
Recessive (weaker)
genes will not
produce the
characteristic unless
transmitted by both
parents.

F The
8. _______
female sex cell is the
ovum with XY
chromosomes and
the male sex cell is
the sperm with XX
chromosomes.
XX
XY

T 50% of
 10. _______
F Each
9. _______
the chromosomes
sperm cell and ovum
come from the father,
cell carries 23
but he determines the
chromosomes and
sex of the child.
when the ovum is
fertilized, the sex cell
equals 46 Chromosomes.
new eyes.
XY Boy or XX Girl?

F
11. _______
Twitterpation
Conception is the
union of an ovum and
a sperm or the
beginning of
pregnancy.
MULTIPLE BIRTHS

F
12. _______
Fraternal
non-identical multiple
births that come from
two different eggs will
like siblings.
look identical
.
F Identical
13. _______
multiple births that
come from one
fertilized egg
can
will be the
different
samesexes.
sex.

TRIPLETS
* Triplets can occur through
several combinations. Three
separate ovum could be released
and fertilized.
* Two ovum could be released,
fertilized and then one ovum
splits into separate embryo,
resulting in a set of identical
twins and one fraternal twin.
* One ovum could split into two
parts resulting in identical
triplets
F
14. _______
Double
Conjoined
jointed
twins
twins
are when the ovum splits
apart but the separation
is not complete.
CONJOINED TWINS
Conjoined twins result when
a fertilized ovum begins to
split into two parts, but does
not fully complete the
process. The babies are joined
at whatever location does
not complete the splitting
process.
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Complete the Genetic Gamble