Transcript Jeopardy Review 2013

Genetics and Molecular Biology
JEOPARDY!! 
Transcription and
RNA Processing
Translation and
Genetic Code
More
Translation and
Mutations
Genetics 1
Genetics 2
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10 Transcription and RNA
Processing
The gene sequence that indicates the
start of a gene is called….
10
Transcription and RNA
Processing
TATA box or promoter (TATAAA)
20 Transcription and RNA
Processing
The enzyme that adds
complementary RNA strands to the
template DNA
20
Transcription and RNA Processing
RNA Polymerase
30 Transcription and
RNA Processing
To protect the mRNA from
destruction by cytoplasmic enzymes,
it needs…
30 Transcription and
RNA Processing
A “G” cap and a poly “A” tail
30 Community 1
40 Transcription and RNA
Processing
Why is mRNA at the ribosome
shorter than it was in the nucleus?
40 Transcription and RNA
Processing
RNA splicing– introns are removed
and exons are pasted together.
50 Transcription and
RNA Processing
To begin transcription, the TATA
box must be bound by…
50
Transcription and RNA
Processing
Transcription Factors
10
Translation and
Genetic Code
The genetic code consists of…
10
Translation and
Genetic Code
Codons (3 nucleotide sequences
on mRNA)
20
Translation and Genetic Code
What is translation?
20
Translation and Genetic
Code
Conversion of nucleic acid
language to amino acid language
to build a protein
30
Translation and Genetic
Code
What does tRNA do in translation?
30
Translation and Genetic
Code
Joins to a specific amino acid and
transfer it by matching its
anticodon to the codon on mRNA
at the ribosome
40
Translation and Genetic
Code
What happens during initiation of
translation?
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Translation and
Genetic Code
mRNA joins with the small
ribosomal subunit, which is then
joined by a tRNA, and then joined
by the large ribosomal subunit.
50
Translation and
Genetic Code
Why is it significant that there are
64 codons for 20 amino acids?
50
Translation and Genetic
Code
Mutations can still occur with
potentially no noticeable effect
on the phenotype.
10
More Translation
and Mutations
Any mutation that
affects a single
nucleotide is called…
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More Translation
and Mutations
Point Mutation
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More Translation
and Mutations
A point mutation that involves a
single nucleotide switched with
another is called a…
20
More Translation
and Mutations
*Substitution
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More Translation
and Mutations
Frameshift mutations can be caused
by…
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More Translation
and Mutations
Insertions or deletions
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More Translation and
Mutations
List the sequence of events in
translation.
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More Translation
and Mutations
*Initiation
*Elongation <Codon
recognition, peptide
bond formation,
translocation>
*Termination
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More Translation
and Mutations
In terms of
transcription and
translation, how does
genotype determine
phenotype?
More Translation
50 and Mutations
*the information from the gene
on DNA that was inherited from
parents is the genotype. It is
transcribed onto mRNA, and
eventually translated into a
protein. The protein is the
phenotype (expression of the
genotype)
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Genetics 1
Colorblindness and
hemophilia are examles of…
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Genetics 1
Sex-linked, recessive
traits
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Genetics 1
The allele that is
expressed in the
phenotype is
referred to as ….
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Dominant
Genetics 1
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Genetics 1
After mating a brown
bunny with a white bunny,
the offspring are all brown.
What are the genotypes of
the parents? The offspring?
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Parents- BB X bb
Offspring- Bb
Genetics 1
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Genetics 1
Since each pair of alleles
segregate separately from
other pairs of alleles, Mendel
created…
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Genetics 1
*The Law of Independent
Assortment
*supported by
homologous chromosome
random sorting during
metaphase 1 of meiosis.
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Genetics 1
Because alleles separate when
homologous chromosomes
split in anaphase 1 of meiosis,
this supports Mendel’s…
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Genetics 1
Law of Segregation
10 Genetics 2
My name is Bond, Ionic Bond;
Taken, not shared!
10 Population Growth
From: Mariano Cecowski
<MCecowski#NoSpam.sif.com.ar>
Q: if both a bear in Yosemite and one in
Alaska fall into the water
which one disolves faster?
A: The one in Alaska because it is
HIJKLMNO
10 Population Growth
Alimentary: What Sherlock Holmes said to Dr. Watson.
Urinate: What a nurse would say if a patient asked her what room
he's in.
Urine - The opposite of "You're out!"
Benign: What we want when we are eight.
Intestine - Currently taking an exam
CARDIOLOGY: advanced study of poker playing
TERMINAL ILLNESS: getting sick at the airport
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Genetics 2
Mendel discovered that a
dihybrid cross between
parents heterozygous for
both traits will always show
what kind of phenotypic
ratio?
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9:3:3:1
Genetics 2
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Genetics 2
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Genetics 2
To determine the genotype
of a dominant trait, you can
mate this individual with…
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Genetics 2
An individual homozygous
recessive for the trait (called a
test cross)
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Genetics 2
When both alleles are
expressed in an offspring,
this is called…
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Genetics 2
*codominance
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Genetics 2
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Skin color is
an example
of….
Genetics 2
40
Genetics 2
Polygenic Inheritance
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Genetics 2
The Chromosome Theory of
Inheritance states…
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Genetics 2
It’s the behavior of
chromosomes during
meiosis and fertilization
that accounts for
inheritance patterns.