Transcript Earth Science Review CST

Earth Science Review CST
All Advanced!!
Terrestrial Planets:
Made of silicate rock
Gas Planets: H and He,
Rapid rotation, not dense
Earth = 4.54 billion years old
Early Earth
• Atmosphere: CO2, N2 (no O2)
• Lots of water present
• No layer of O3  hot temps
Venus = Closest planet, 258
million kms
Alpha Centauri: Closest star besides
Sun, 4.2 light years away
Sun Fusion: Fuse 2 H to make 1 He
Creation of Our Moon: Earth collides with
huge asteroid  creating debris (moon)
Chicxulub Crater, Mex: Asteroid hit
Earth, killed off dinosaurs 65 mya
Milky Way Galaxy: 100,000 lt yrs big
How do Elements Form?
•
Well when big bang happened, presumably hydrogen and helium were formed.
Now we know that today under extreme conditions we can create atoms with
atomic number higher than 92. So we can also say that if such harsh conditions
occur, it is possible that elements heavier than hydrogen could be formed. (this
process is called nuclear fusion).
conditions required for nuclear fusion = extremely high temperature and
pressure.
in the earth amosphere no such condition occur naturally to create such huge
amount of other elements.
so we look else where. where do we look?????
but of course in the vast universe. we see stars. we know stars die. so when
massive stars die they under go super nova explosion and during this heavier
elements are formed. this material is then expelled into the surrounding
interstellar medium.
now we know how the earth was created dont we? it was created from the
nebula. this nebula also contained the reminants of super nova explosion and
thus we find heavier metals on earth.
Sea Floor
Spreading:
Divergent
Plates
Magnetic Patterns: Evidence for Plate
Tectonics
Convergent Plates: Trenches,
Volcanoes, Mtns.
Divergent Plates: New Land, Mid Ocean Ridges
Transform Plates: Faults  Equakes
Plate Boundaries Video Clips
Rock Cycle
Video Clip
Click for Video!
Richter Scale: Log of energy waves
Seismograph: Measures amplitude of wave
Mercalli
Scale vs
Richter
Scale
Volcano Formation
• Shield: Gentle slope, not explosive, large, fluid lava
• Composite: Explosive, steep sides, small, viscous
lava
Topo Maps: Used to diagram Earth’s
surface features: shows elevation
SAME
THING!
Topo Map
Image
Side View
Image
Venus:
Huge
Greenhouse
Effect
Coriolis Effect:
Makes wind and
ocean currents
deflect too!