Transcript Hereditary Vs Environment

Hereditary Vs Environment
The Debate Continues
General Information

Inherited characteristics carried by
genes
– 200,000 trillion

Genes are carried on chromosomes
– 23 pair
– 22pair of autosomes
– 1 pair sex-linked
Genetics continued
Hereditary creates “likeness”
 Not sameness
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– Ex. Fraternal twins
– Brother & sister
Potential determined by hereditary
 Environment impacts how close we
get
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– Meet / exceed/ underachieve
Genetic Terms
Genes are dominant or recessive
 Rule --- Exception
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– Eye color
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Control many factors
– Eye shape/ color
– Ear lobes
– nose shape
– Hair: color, thickness
Lip thickness
 Widows peak
 Tasters vs. non-tasters
 New Born is something new/
unique
 Eye color example
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Example
DAD
MOM
 Bb
Bb
 Possibilities
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– BB Brown (pure) Homozygous
Dominant
– Bb Brown( mixed) Heterozygous
– bB Brown (mixed0 Heterozygous
– bb Blue (pure) Homozygous
Recessive
Eye Color
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Phenotype
– Chance for brown eyes 3:1
– What we see
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Genotype
– What is genetically present
– 1:2:1
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Green / Hazel eyes
Eye Color
One blue/ one brown
 Sporadic mutation
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– Identical twins
– Other species
Birth Rates
106 males to 100 females
 Age 20 equal
 Age 50 100 Woman to 85 men
 Age 85 Five woman to one man
 Male ( XY)
Female (XX)

– Options 50/ 50
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Sex Linked Traits
Sex Linked Traits
Color Blindness
 Baldness
 Hemophilia
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Old Wives Tales
Control or influence sex of the
baby
 Month conceived/ born
 Eat sugar
 Conception after menstration
 Eat lots of meat
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Factors Affecting the Fetus
Maternal Nutrition
 Maternal Infection
 Drugs

– Legal/ Prescribed
– Illegal
– RH Factor
– Prematurity
Prematurity
Smoking
 Alcohol “ Fetal Alcohol Syndrome “
 Rates
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– Industrial vs. Third world
– USA 7.6 % England 6.5 %
– Japan 10%
– India 35 %
Miracle of Near Perfect
Birth
Karotype
 Genetic Aberrations
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– PKU
– Sporadic Mutation
– Marfan’s Syndrome
– Down’s Syndrome
Amniocentesis
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Pre-Natal Diagnosis
– Sonogram
– Alpha Fetal Protein
– Age 35
– Family History
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Previous pregnancy
miscarriages
Fertility drugs
Chromosomal Abnormalities
Deletion
 Translocation : trisomy “21”
 Ring Chromosome
 Turners Syndrome (F)
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– no ovaries
Kleinfelders XXY Super male
 Super Female XXX
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Summary
Genes
 Familial Traits
 Near perfect birth
 Family history
 Medicines
 Diet
 Exercise
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