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September 24th 2012 Objective: To begin the HWE simulation Entrance Ticket If you wanted to model HWE, what would (should) the population look like? What are some changes that you could make in order to understand how populations change? Plan Notes – The Lab Begin Simulation Mathematical Modeling of a Hypothetical Population “Mathematics is Biology’s next microscope, only better” (Cohen 2004) The Problem with HW It is the Null Hypothesis HWE is what would happen to allele frequencies without any evolutionary parameters at work The Problem With HW Simulations Classroom Population? Genetic Drift takes over – makes it impossible to see the effect of any other evolutionary parameter The Advantage of this Simulation Excel spreadsheet allows for randomness Population size is no longer limited You can look at allele inheritance patterns for a theoretically infinite population in which fluctuations from expected probabilities are minimized 3 Phases of Investigation Model Building Model Testing Model Corrections as necessary Model Building Demonstrates how a hypothetical gene pool changes from one generation to the next Allows for exploration of parameters that affect allele frequencies, such as selection, mutation, and migration Model Testing Your Task Create a spreadsheet to begin modeling a population – everyone must have their own spreadsheet to start Begin developing a question that you want to answer - this can be done with a partner or in your study group Due Wednesday – initial spreadsheet and question See website tomorrow for resources and other helpful links Sources for Advanced Models The Supertaster Lab – – Google “ABLE proceedings + supertaster” to access the lab There are few human traits that express the intermediate dominance necessary for testing for the null hypothesis. The supertaster trait described in this laboratory does express an intermediate phenotype; therefore, it creates an exemplary investigative population genetics laboratory. The Esteem Module - Deme 1.0 or 2.0 at http://bioquest.org/esteem/esteem_result.php [You’ll need to register for the site, but it is free.] or Jon Herron’s Allelle1 http://faculty.washington.edu/herronjc/SoftwareF older/AlleleA1html. An alternative is an online Web browser-based model at http://www.radford.edu/~rsheehy/Gen_flash/popg en/.)