Transcript Blood Typing PowerPoint

Blood Typing
by: Amanda McKenzie
EDCI 270
Target Audience
11th -12th grade
students
Anatomy & Physiology
class
suburban/uppermiddle class
community
Learning Environment
This educational program is designed for
Anatomy & Physiology high school students to
work on their own at a computer. It is
intended for additional instruction after a
class lecture on the topic and a review before
the test.
Objective
Once this PowerPoint activity about blood typing
is complete, the students will be able to
differentiate between the ABO blood types when
given a specific genotype. They will also be able
to appropriately determine the outcome of a blood
type genetic cross when given the parental
genotypes. They will demonstrate this by
answering the Quiz Time questions with 100%
accuracy.
Blood Typing
Chapter 12 Review
How to Navigate
Throughout this program you will find 3 main
buttons at the bottom of each page that will help you
navigate.
will take you back to the previous page
will advance you to the next page
will return you to the main menu
*Note: These buttons will not appear within the quizzes.
Main Menu
Blood Type
Blood Transfusions
Immune System Response
Chart
Quiz Time 1
The Genetics of it All
Quiz Time 2
Determining Blood Type Video
References
Blood Type
a classification of blood based on
antigens found on the surface of red
blood cells (RBCs)
There are 2 major
blood type systems:
ABO and Rhesus
Type A Blood
The A antigen
can be inherited
from mom
and/or dad. It
appears alone on
the surface of
type A RBCs.
Type B Blood
The B antigen
can be inherited
from mom
and/or dad. It
appears alone on
the surface of
type B RBCs.
Type AB Blood
The A and B
antigens can be
inherited from
mom and/or dad.
They both
appear on the
surface of type
AB RBCs.
Type O Blood
No antigens are
inherited from
mom or dad.
Therefore, no
antigens appear
on the surface of
type O RBCs.
Let’s Check!
What are the four different blood types?
a. A, B, BO, AO
b. A, B, AB, O
c. AB, O, AA, BB
So Close!
Try again.
Way to go!
That’s right!
Blood Transfusions
Blood transfusions make it necessary to
understand the different antigens found on
red blood cells.
A blood transfusion is the process of
transferring blood from one person into
another person’s circulatory system.
Let’s Check!
Why is it important to understand what antigens
are found on the RBC?
a. To know what the RBCs look like.
b. To know if all of your RBCs are the same.
c. To know if a donor and recipient’s RBCs are
compatible
So Close!
Try again.
Way to go!
That’s right!
Blood Transfusions (cont.)
For a blood transfusion to work, the
donated blood must match that of the
recipient’s.
If the blood is not matched properly, then
the immune system of the recipient will
attack the donated blood.
Immune System Response
After birth the immune system makes
antibodies that act against the antigens not
found on the RBCs.
Antibodies are present on the white blood
cells (WBCs).
Watch this video explaining the basics of the
blood transfusion process.
Let’s Check!
Can the blood transfusion donor and the recipient
have different blood types?
a. No
b. Yes
c. Yes, but it’s better if they’re the same.
So Close!
Try again.
Way to go!
That’s right!
Let’s Check!
During a blood transfusion the donor and recipient
are directly connected to one another.
a. Yes
b. No
c. They can be, but it’s better if they aren’t
So Close!
Try again.
Way to go!
That’s right!
A Helpful Chart
(hint hint)
Blood Type
RBC Antigen
Antibodies in
Blood
Receive
Blood From
Donated
Blood To
A
A
anti-B
O, A
A, AB
B
B
anti-A
O, B
B, AB
AB
A, B
none
O, A, B, AB
AB
O
none
anti-A, anti-B
O
O, A, B, AB
Quiz Time 1
1. Which blood type would you have if
antibodies A and B were made during
your first year of life?
a. type AB
b. type A
c. type B
d. type O
So Close!
Try again.
Hint: They’re both provided.
Way to go!
That’s right!
2. Which blood type is the universal donor?
a. type AB
b. type A
c. type B
d. type O
So Close!
Try again.
Hint: Refer to the chart.
Way to go!
That’s right!
3. Which blood type is the universal
recipient?
a. type AB
b. type A
c. type B
d. type O
So Close!
Try again.
Hint: Refer to the chart.
Way to go!
That’s right!
4. Which ABO blood type has two different
antigens on the surface of RBCs?
a. type AB
b. type A
c. type B
d. type O
So Close!
Try again.
Hint: It has two antigens.
Way to go!
That’s right!
5. Which ABO blood type has the A
antigens on the surface of RBCs?
a. type AB
b. type A
c. type B
d. type O
So Close!
Try again.
Hint: They only have one antigen.
Way to go!
That’s right!
6. Which ABO blood type has only the A
antibodies on the white blood cells?
a. type AB
b. type A
c. type B
d. type O
So Close!
Try again.
Hint: They only have one type of antibody.
Way to go!
That’s right!
7. If the blood plasma has antibody A, what
type of blood would the immune system
attack?
a. type A
b. type B
c. type O and type A
d. type O and type B
So Close!
Try again.
Hint: It is antibody A.
Way to go!
That’s right!
8. How are antibodies related to the type of
blood a person can receive?
a. They attack all blood types except those
receivable by a person.
b. They attack the RBCs of the recipient so
they can receive blood from a donor.
c. They have nothing to do with receiving
blood.
So Close!
Try again.
Hint: This is talking about antibodies.
Way to go!
That’s right!
The Genetics of it All
A single gene controls the ABO blood type
system with 3 alleles.
o 2 alleles are dominant (IA and IB)
o 1 allele is recessive (i)
Since there are two dominant alleles, IAIB
genotype expresses codominance.
The Genetics of it All
The gene encodes an enzyme,
glycosyltransferase, that modifies
carbohydrates that make up RBC antigens.
On a separate sheet
of paper, complete
the Punnett square.
Then proceed to the
following Quiz
Time questions.
Quiz Time 2
1. What genotypes would create the
phenotype, blood type A?
a. IAIA and IAIB
b. IAIB and IAi
c. IAIA and IAi
d. IAIA and ii
So Close!
Try again.
Hint: Refer to your Punnett square.
Way to go!
That’s right!
2. What genotypes would create the
phenotype, blood type B?
a. IBIB and IBi
b. IBIB and ii
c. IBIB and IBIA
d. IBIA and IBi
So Close!
Try again.
Hint: Refer to your Punnett square.
Way to go!
That’s right!
3. What genotypes would create the
phenotype, blood type AB?
a. IAIB and IAi
b. IAIB and IBi
c. IAIB and ii
d. IAIB only
So Close!
Try again.
Hint: Refer to your Punnett square.
Way to go!
That’s right!
4. What genotypes would create the
phenotype, blood type O?
a. IAi and ii
b. IBi and ii
c. ii only
d. IAIB and ii
So Close!
Try again.
Hint: Refer to your Punnett square.
Way to go!
That’s right!
*Bonus*
Besides the ABO blood system,
what is the other main blood
type system of the human body?
(See Miss McKenzie with your
answer for a chance of earning 2
bonus points!)
“The Genotype Diet: Determining
Blood Type”
Watch this YouTube video on how to determine your blood
type. Pay close attention to the directions because we will be
performing this lab in class tomorrow.
References
www.lessonplansinc.com/science.php/biology/lessonplans/C100
www.youtube.com/watch?v=yqGaX6W6Cy8
http://www.mayoclinic.org/blood-transfusion/performing-transfusions.html
http://images.search.yahoo.com/images/view;_ylt=A0PDoTHQJMRO.yoAxBWJ
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http://images.search.yahoo.com/images/view;_ylt=A0PDoTG8JMROsiQAQJaJzb
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