Transcript Let`s have children

Genetics:From Proteins to Mendel
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PROCEDURE
 Students will work in pairs.
 Each student picks up a set of 4 x 2 chromosomes and a coin
 The chromosomes are in different colours and present different alleles.
 Each student writes on a sheet the phenotype and the genotype.
 Students simulate meiosis by tossing a coin. If heads, take number , if tails number ‘
 Each student takes the simple chromosome and matches it with their partner’s simple
chromosome.
 Read the new set of 4 x2 chromosome and write the new baby phenotype and
genotype
 Repeat (all) the process again at least three times (for three children)
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FAMILY X1X1/X1Y1
GENOTYPE 1 GENOTYPE 2
GENOTYPE 3
SEX
HEMOPHILIA
FATHER’S
GAMETES
MOTHER’S
GAMETES
CHILD 1
CHILD 2
CHILD3
CHILD 4
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 Genes placed in chromosomes
Eye colour
Five fingers
Hair colour
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 Genes placed in chromosomes
 Diploid cells (2n)
II ii.. XX
Nucleous
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 Genes placed in chromosomes
 Diploid cells (2n)
 Homologous chromosomes (one from mother and one from father.
Both chromosomes have the same type of gene in each location).
..
II //
XX
//XXII
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 Genes placed in chromosomes
 Diploid cells (2n)
 Homologous chromosomes or heterochromosomes
(one from mother and one from father. Both chromosomes have the same
type of gene in each location).
 A pair of sexual chromosomes are not homologous. (XX/XY)
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 Genes placed in chromosomes
 Diploid cells (2n)
 Homologous chromosomes (one from mother and one from father.
Both chromosomes have the same type of gene in each location).
 A pair of sexual chromosomes are not homologous. (XX/XY)
 Meiosi and gamete production:
 Meiosis is a kind of cell division that separates chromosomes so gametes
receive one of each type of chromosome.
n
2n
n
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




Genes placed in chromosomes
Diploid cells (2n)
Homologous chromosomes (one from mother and one from father.
Both chromosomes have the same type of gene in each location).
A pair of sexual chromosomes are not homologous. (XX/XY)
 Meiosi and gamete production:
 Meiosis is a kind of cell division that separates chromosomes so gametes
receive one of each type of chromosome.
 These cells are haploid and called sperm and ovuls.
 Fecundations: two gametes make a zigot with 2n chromosomes
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Traits:
 Rolling Tongue:
 Blood Groups:
A, B, AB, O
dominant (R)/recessive (r) allele
Multiple allele serie
IA
IA IB i
= IB Codominance
IA > i and IB > i
 Skin Colour: Intermediate expression
Light/Dark/Middle
 Sex:
Girl or Boy
 Haemophilia XH Sex linked trait
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Autosomes 1 and 1’
1
1’
rr
AR
R
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1
1’
R
r
rAR
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Autosomes 2 and 2’
2
2’
IA, IB or i
IA , IB Ior i
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Autosomes 3 and 3’
3
3
’
D
D
d
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Autosomes 3 and 3’
3
3
’
dD
D
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Sex Chromosome or
Heterochromosomes: Male
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Sex Chromosomes or
Heterochromosomes: Female
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Sex- linked traits
(haemophilia)
XH
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