Transcript Nutrients - Dover High School

NUTRIENTS
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NUTRIENTS
Substances in food that helps with body
processes, helps with growth and repair of
cells, and provides energy
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CALORIE
Unit of energy produced by food
and used by the body
BASICALLY, it’s our body’s fuel!
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Proteins
Source of energy
4 calories /gram
Needed for growth, for building, repairing and
maintaining body tissues
Skin, hair & nails-mostly proteins
Amino Acids: building blocks that make up protein
– Body needs 20 to function properly
– Body produces on 11
– Essential amino acids: 9 that the body does not produce- must
come from food
Complete: contains all essential amino acids
Incomplete: Does not contain all amino acids
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Fats
Source of energy: 9 calories per gram
Helps body store and use vitamins
Needs fats to maintain body heat, store and use
vitamins, maintain an energy reserve and build
brain cells
Two Types: Saturated & Unsaturated
Saturated: Comes from dairy products, solid
vegetable fat, meat & poultry
Cholesterol: fatlike substance made by body
and found in animal products- LDL: bad
Unsaturated: comes from plant products and
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fish
CARBOHYDRATES
Source of energy: 4 calories per gram
Main source of energy for body
Includes sugars, starches and fiber
Two types: Simple & Complex
Complex
– Starch: provide long-lasting energy
– Fiber: help with digestion
Simple
– Sugars that enter the blood stream quickly
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Vitamins
Nutrient that helps the body use
carbohydrates, proteins and fats
Two Types: Fat-Soluble & Water- Soluble
Fat Soluble: dissolves in fat, can be stored
in the body…ex. A, D, E, K
Water Soluble: dissolves in water, can
NOT be stored in the body…
•
ex. B complex & C
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Minerals
Nutrient that regulates many chemical
reactions in the body
Two Types: Macro & Trace
Macro: >100mg, ex. Calcium & sodium
Trace: <100mg, ex. Iron & Zinc
Both just as important
Calcium: builds strong bones & teeth,
maintains bone strength
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Water
Nutrient that is involved with all body
processes, makes up the basic part of the
blood, helps remove waste, regulates
body temperature
Makes up more than 60% of body mass
Can live for 3 days or less without it
Drink at least 6-8 glasses a day
Dehydration: water content of body falls to
low level
Dehydrated before you feel thirsty
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Nutrient Percentages
Fat: < 30%
Carbohydrates: 60%
Proteins: 10%
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Calculate the number of calories
consumed……..
A person ate 65 grams of fat, 46 grams of
protein and 289 grams of carbohydrates in
one day. How many calories did this
person consume?
1925 calories
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