Transcript Chapter 34: Nutrient Needs

Chapter 34: Nutrient
Needs
Complete the following
objectives:
► Describe
the main functions of the six
classes of nutrients.
► 2. Identify foods that are good sources of
each class of nutrient.
► 3. Explain the purpose of Dietary Reference
Intakes.
► 4. Compare nutrient needs at different life
stages.
► 5. Summarize the special nutrition needs of
athletes.
Define:
► 1.
Nutrients—chemicals found in food that
help the body work properly.
► 2. Carbohydrates—the nutrients that
provide your body with ready energy.
► 3. Fiber—indigestible threadlike cells found
in certain foods that contain carbohydrates.
► 4. Proteins—the nutrients your body uses
to build and repair body tissues.
► 5.
Amino acids—the chemical building
blocks of proteins.
► 6. Saturated fats—fats that are usually
solid at room temperature.
► 7. Unsaturated fats—fats that are usually
liquid at room temperature.
► 8. Trans fats—a type of fat formed when
food manufacturers turn liquid oils into solid
fats.
► 9.
Cholesterol—a white, waxlike
substance that plays a part in transporting
and digesting fat.
► 10. Vitamins—nutrients that help your
body function properly and process other
nutrients.
► 11. Minerals—nutrients that regulate
body processes and that form parts of many
tissues.
Answer the following questions.
► 1.
In general, what are nutrients?
► Chemicals
found in food that help the body
work properly.
► 2.
What is the main function of
carbohydrates?
► To
provide your body with ready energy.
► 3.
What is fiber?
► Indigestible
threadlike cells.
► Why is it beneficial?
► Fiber
helps move food through the digestive
system and may reduce the risk of heart
disease and cancer.
► 4.
For what purposes does your body
use proteins?
► To
build and repair body tissues.
► 5.
What are amino acids?
► The
chemical building blocks of protein that
the body can recombine in various ways to
make body tissues.
► 6.
Why do you need fats in your diet?
► To transport and store certain other
nutrients.
► To regulate body temperature and growth.
► To insulate the body.
► To cushion vital organs.
► To serve as a reserve supply of energy.
► 7.
What are the differences between
saturated fats, trans fats, and unsaturated
fats?
► Saturated fats—Solid at room temperature;
mostly in animal products.
► Trans fats—Formed when manufacturers process
oils into solid fats.
► Unsaturated fats—Usually liquid at room
temperature; mostly in oils from vegetables, nuts,
and seeds.
► 8.
Why are people advised to limit the
amount of cholesterol in their diet?
► High
levels can lead to heart disease, high
blood pressure, and other health problems.
► 9.
In general, what do vitamins do?
► Vitamins
help your body function properly
and process other nutrients.
► 10.
What are the basic functions of
minerals?
► Regulate
body processes and form parts of
many tissues.
► 11.
Which minerals play a key role in
building strong bones?
► Calcium,
phosphorus, and magnesium.
► 12.
What jobs does water perform in
your body?
► Transports nutrients throughout the body.
► Carries away waste products.
► Helps move food through the digestive
system.
► Regulates the temperature of your body.
► 13.
Name four ways in which Dietary
Reference Intakes are used.
► For health professionals to advise people on food
choices.
► For companies to develop new products.
► For the U.S. government to make nutrition
policies.
► For the Food and Drug Administration to use as
the basis for Daily Values in nutrition labeling.
► 14.
Do teens generally need more or
fewer calories than adults?
► More.
► Why?
► Because
they are growing.
► 15.
What special nutrition needs do
athletes have?
► They
need extra calories and fluids.