Transcript The Renaissance PP 2014x

The Renaissance
Chapter 19
Section One: The Italian Renaissance
1. Explain trade between Asia
and Europe
• The silk road reopens
• Trade increases
• New products appeared
2. Who was Marco Polo?
• Became a government
official by Kublai Khan
• Spent 20 years in Asia, but
from Venice, Italy
• He wrote about Asia and
shared his experiences with
Europeans, making them
want to go to and get things
from Asia, thus increasing
trade
The Italian Renaissance
3. Why were Italian cities
important to trade?
4. What was important about
Florence?
• Florence, Genoa, Milan and
Venice are important
because:
• 1. it had ports on the
Mediterranean Sea and the
merchant ships brought in
spices and luxuries from
Asia in to the harbors
• 2. manufacturing centers ,
they each specialized in a
specific craft
• Began with wool trade
• Banking increased that
wealth
• The Medici family become a
wealthy banking family
The Italian Renaissance
5. What does Renaissance mean
and why did it start?
6. What is humanism? Describe
it.
• Means “rebirth”
• Refers to the period that
followed Europe’s Middle
Ages
• Interest in art and literature
revived, especially in
ancient Greek and Roman
works
• It is a way of thinking and
learning that stresses the
importance of human
abilities and actions
• They liked to explore human
activities rather than the
physical world or the nature
of God
The Italian Renaissance
7. What is Dante Alighieri known
for?
8. What was Niccolo Machiavelli
known for?
• A politician and poet
• He wrote in Italian, which
was important because
everything before him was
in Latin, he was showing
Italian was as important as
Latin
• Italian writer and politician
• Wrote “The Prince” that
gave leaders advice on how
they should rule
• He said leaders had to be
ruthless to be successful
The Italian Renaissance
9. Describe the new Italian art
• Realistic people
• Studied the human body
and drew what they saw
• New technique called
“perspective” (a way of
showing depth and distance
on a flat surface
10. What is Michelangelo known
for?
• He designed buildings,
wrote poetry, carved
sculptures, painted
magnificent pictures
• Sistine Chapel in the Vatican
Italian Renaissance and Beyond Italy
11. What is Leonardo da Vinci
famous for?
• He was an expert painter,
sculptor, architect, inventor,
engineer, town planner and
mapmaker
• Mona Lisa
12. What improvements were made
in mathematics and the sciences
during the Renaissance
• Symbols for squareroot and
positive and negative
number signs
• Used mathematics to build
stronger buildings
• Studied astronomy, learned
the earth goes around the
sun
The Renaissance Beyond Italy
13. What changes were made in
education during the Renaissance?
14. Who was Johann Gutenburg
and what is he famous for?
• Students studied religion
still, but also studied
humanities
• Scholar Petrarch taught to
study history and learn from
it
• Developed a printing press
that used moveable type
• More books could become
available so more people
could learn!!! Hooray! We
are getting smarter!
The Renaissance Beyond Italy
15. What is Christian humanism?
16. Who was Desiderius Eramus?
• A blend of humanist and
religious ideas
• A Dutch priest
• Criticized the corrupt church
• Said rituals were useless,
instead people should
concentrate on devotion to
God and teachings of Jesus
The Renaissance Beyond Italy
17. What is Albrecht Durer
known for?
18. Who was Miguel de
Cervantes?
• Famous artist of Germany
• Studied human anatomy so
he could paint people more
realistically
• Wrote Don Quixote in Spain
• Poked fun of the romantic
tales of the Middle Ages
The Reformation of Christianity
19. What is William Shakespeare
known for?
• English play writer and poet
• Had a theater in London to
perform his plays in
• Written in English and
about humanity
20. What was the reformation?
• A reform movement against
the Roman Catholic Church
• Many people didn’t like how
the Catholic church was
getting money and getting
rich
The Reformation of Christianity
21. What was the Catholic Church
doing to make people upset?
• Churches were selling
“indulgences” (a document
given by the pope that
excused a person from
penalties for the sins that
he or she had committed)
• People thought the church
was allowing people to buy
their way in to heaven
22. What did Martin Luther do?
• He was a Catholic priest
• Asked for reformation of
the Catholic church, and
was excommunicated for it
• Started his own church
The Reformation of Christianity
23. Who are the Protestants?
• This is the new Christian
belief that protested against
the Roman Catholic church
• Taught anyone can have a
direct relationship with
God, didn’t need priests to
talk to God for them
• Live as the Bible says, not
priests or the pope
24. Who was John Calvin and what
did the other reformers believe?
• Reformer
• Taught predestination (the
idea that God knew who
would be saved even before
they were born and nothing
you could do in life could
change that)
• Still had to live a good life
and obey God’s laws
The Reformation of Christianity
25. What was the Catholic
reformation?
26. Who were the Jesuits and how
did the Catholic church reform?
• The Catholic church’s effort
to stop the spread of
Protestantism and to reform
the Catholic Church from
within
• Also known as the Counter
reformation
• The Jesuits were a religious
order created to serve the
pope and the church
• The Catholic church created
the Jesuits and other
religious orders to turn
people against the
Protestantism and back to
the Catholic church
The Reformation of Christianity
27. What was the Council of
Trent?
28. What did the Catholic
missionaries do?
• A meeting of church officials
in Trent, Italy
• Clergy from across Europe
came to discuss, debate,
and eventually reform
Catholic teachings
• Set out to punish Protestant
leaders as heretics
• Travelled to foreign
countries to spread their
faith
• Went to Africa, Asia, and
America
• Baptized millions of people
around the world
The Reformation of Christianity
29. What were the religious
wars?
30. How did the reformation
change things socially?
• Wars throughout Europe
between the Roman
Catholic Church and the
Protestants
• People began to govern
their own churches
• They also decided to start to
govern their own towns as
well, so churches were
running towns
The reformation of Christianity
31. What is federalism?
• Sharing of power between
local governments and a
strong central government