Transcript Renaissance PowerPoint notes

RENAISSANCE (1350-1550)
The Intellectual and Artistic Renaissance
Mrs. Brahe
World History II
OBJECTIVES
Introduce humanism as the most important
intellectual movement of the Renaissance
 Emphasize the great artists and sculptors of the
High Renaissance period

Michelangelo
 Raphael
 Leonardo da Vinci
 (Bernini statues)

HUMANISM
Secularism and emphasis on the individual
 Humanism: based on the study of the classics
(literary works of ancient Greece and Rome)

grammar, rhetoric, poetry, moral philosophy, history
 Now called “humanities”
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
Used pure classical Latin
Later writers began to use vernacular (language of
their region – like German, French, Italian)
 Masterpieces written in vernacular languages

Italian: Dante’s Divine Comedy (journey through Hell,
Purgatory, and Heaven)
 English: Chaucer’s The Canterbury Tales (portrays all levels
of English society – stories of pilgrims)
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EDUCATION

Liberal Studies
History, moral philosophy, eloquence (or rhetoric),
letters (grammar and logic), poetry, mathematics,
astronomy, and music
 Goal: virtue and wisdom
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Physical Education
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Javelin throwing, archery, dancing, running,
wrestling, hunting and swimming
Women
Rarely admitted to schools
 Studied classics, history, learned to ride, dance, sing,
play the lute, and appreciate poetry
 No mathematics or rhetoric
 Religion and morals were foremost for “Christian
ladies to become good mothers and wives”
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THE ARTISTIC RENAISSANCE IN ITALY

Goal: reality of objects or events, imitate nature


Human beings were the focus (“center and measure
of all things”)
New Techniques

Frescos: painting done on fresh, wet plaster with
water-based paints
Expert – Masaccio (muh ZAH chee oh) of Florence
 Human figures previously looked flat, now have depth
 Perspective gives the illusion of 3 dimensions, realistic style

Technical side of painting (perspective & organization
of outdoor space and light through geometry)
 Investigation of movement and human anatomy
(individual person, human nude as an art form)
Donatello – sculptor, realistic freestanding figures (above)


THE TRIBUTE MONEY BY MASACCIO
FAMOUS ITALIAN ARTISTS OF THE
HIGH RENAISSANCE (1490-1520)

Leonardo da Vinci
 Realistic
paintings, scientist – dissected human bodies
 Yet also stressed idealism (capture perfection of nature
and the individual)

Raphael
 Madonnas
(paintings of the Virgin Mary) ideal beauty
 Frescoes in the Vatican Palace (School of Athens – world
of balance, harmony, and order)

Michelangelo
 Painter,
sculpture, architect
 Ceiling of the Sistine Chapel in Rome – ideal type of
human being with perfect proportions
 More beautiful body = more god-like the figure
SCHOOL OF ATHENS BY RAPHAEL
THE CREATION OF ADAM BY
MICHELANGELO – CEILING OF THE
SISTINE CHAPEL IN VATICAN CITY
NORTHERN ARTISTIC RENAISSANCE

Low Countries (now Belgium, Luxembourg, Netherlands)
Gothic cathedrals with stained windows not conducive to
fresco paintings of the Italians
 Illustrations for books, wooden panels for altarpieces
 Much smaller scale


Flanders (a low country)
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Jan van Eyck (EYEK) Flemish painter
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Among first to use oil paint, wide variety of colors and fine details
Imitated nature by observing reality and portraying those details
Fiovanni Arnolfini and His Bride
Albrecht Durer
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German artist, two trips to Italy
Ideal beauty based on careful examination of the human form
Adoration of the Magi
FIOVANNI ARNOLFINI AND HIS BRIDE
BY JAN VAN EYCK