Transcript Macromolecules Intro

Macromolecules
June 2, 2016
I. What are macromolecules?
A. CARBOHYDRATES
B. LIPIDS
D. NUCLEIC
ACIDS
(DNA)
C. PROTEINS
II. What does it mean to be organic?
A.
Role of Carbon
1. Carbon has 4 valence electrons; needs to
form 4 more covalent bonds to be stable
2. Carbon can bond with other carbon atoms
and other elements
3. Carbon can form straight chains, branched
chains, or rings
II. What does it mean to be organic? (cont.)
B.
CHNOPS
1. The Six Most Abundant Elements of Life
C. Hydrocarbons: A compound that only contains
the element Carbon (C) and Hydrogen (H)
1. C and H bonded in different proportions
Putting things
together…let’s make some
MACROMOLECULES
IV.) Formation of Macromolecules
A. What are macromolecules made of?
1. Monomers: smaller building blocks of the
macromolecules
2. Monomers can link together to form large
polymers
a.
AKA Macromolecules
B. Macromolecule Formation
1. Process = Dehydration Synthesis
2. Removal of OH + H forms water, H2O
3. Leaves bonding sites that join
monomer units to create a polymer
Monomer
Monomer
OH
H
H2O
Polymer
C. Macromolecule Destruction
1. Process = Hydrolysis
2. Break bonds between monomer units
3. Add OH + H to fill bonding sites & break
polymer unit into monomer units again
Polymer
H2O
OH
Monomer
H
Monomer
D. Macromolecule
Formation/Destruction Image
MONOMERS
DEHYDRATION
SYNTHESIS
HYDROLYSIS
H2O
H2O
POLYMERS
Fill in Chart…
For each Macromolecule
– Made of (elements from CHNOPS)
– Basic Unit (monomer)
– Polymer unit
– Function
– Where found
– Examples
Use pages 161-167 in book and/or
discuss with partner
Macromolecule Chart
Carbs
DNA
Elements
Monomer
Polymer
Function
Where
Examples
Found
C,H,O
Monosaccharide
Polysaccharide
Energy,
Structural
Support
Liver,
Plants
C,H,N,O,P
Nucleotide
DNA, RNA
Glucose,
Starch,
Glycogen
Holds
genetic
information; Nucleus
codes for of a cell
protein
production
Found
in all
living
things
Macromolecule Chart (cont.)
Lipids
Proteins
Elements
Monomer
C,H,O,P
Glycerol,
Fatty Acids
C,H,N,O,S Amino Acids
Polymer
Function
Where
Found
Examples
PhosphoEnergy
Cell
Fats, Oils,
lipids,
Storage membrane
Butter
Triglycerides
Proteins
Building
blocks
for cell,
enzymes
Muscles,
hair, nails,
skin
Meats,
Soy
beans,
Dairy
products