Transcript Slide 1

• Contributes to
hardness of bone and
teeth
• Needed for blood
clotting
• Releases
neurotransmitters
• Helps muscles
contract
• Milk and milk
products
• Dark green
vegetables
• Nuts and beans
• Grains
• Sardines (if you eat
the bones)
• Leads to
osteoporosis, loss
of the jaw bone
(and secondary
oral health
problems),
hypertension, and
other disorders
link
• An increased risk
of kidney stones in
persons
susceptible to them
has been
associated with
chronically high
calcium intake
• Component of
many proteins,
nucleic acids and
ATP
• Required for
normal bone and
tooth structure
• Yogurt, milk,
cheese
• Nuts, corn, bran,
biscuits
• Spinach
• Sardines
• Cola drinks
• High phosphorus levels cause blood calcium
levels to drop
• Untreated high levels cause:
–
–
–
–
–
Itching
Red eyes
Continuous bone pain
Bones that break easily
Blood vessels clog with calcium- causes sores that
don’t heal, strokes, and heart attacks
• Most abundant
cation (K+)
• Important in
conduction of
nerve impulses
and muscle
contaction
• Bananas, melon,
grapefruit,
oranges
• Prunes, prune
and tomato juice
• Potatoes
• Diets high in sodium but low in fruits and
vegetables can lead to potassium
deficiency as can excessive fluid loss, the
use of diuretics, laxatives, aspirin, and
drugs
• Deficiency characterized by:
– Muscle weakness and fatigue
– Mental confusion and irritability
– Heart disturbances
link
• Component of many
proteins, especially the
contractile proteins of
muscle
• REMEDY FOR
–
–
–
–
–
Aging.
Dandruff.
Acne.
Hair problems.
Irregular menstrual cycle
• PREVENTION OF
– Harmful effects of radiation
and pollution.
• High protein foods
(meat, fish, dairy)
• Brussels sprouts,
cabbage, garlic,
kale, onions,
soybeans, turnips
• Horsetail (herb)
• Wheat germ
• Most plentiful
cation outside cells
• Maintains water
balance
• Needed for
conduction of
nerve impulses
and muscle
contraction
• Naturally in most
foods
• Drinking water
• Salt, monosodium
glutamate, baking
soda, other
additives
• For individuals who are sodium-sensitive,
an increased intake of sodium may
contribute to high blood pressure.
• Reducing sodium can also reduce the side
effects from certain prescription
medications.
• Helps retain water
link
• Most plentiful anion
outside cells
• Essential in blood
and interstitial fluid
to maintain water
balance
• Table salt
• Sodium sources
(processed foods)
• Sea vegetables
(kelp)
• Drinking water
• Rye flour
• Ripe olives
• Disturbs the body’s pH
balance and produces
a condition called
alkalosis.
• Symptoms include
vomiting, sweating,
diarrhea, loss of
appetite, muscle
weakness, lethargy,
and growth failure in
infants.
• Excess intake of
chloride causes
dehydration. A high
salt diet is
associated with
elevated blood
pressure
(hypertension)
link
• Needed for
many enzymes
to function
properly
• Protein
synthesis
• Dark green leafy
vegetables
• Soy products
• Legumes, nuts
• Whole grains
• Bananas, apricots,
avocados
Symptoms include
muscle weakness,
fatigue
hyperexcitability, and
sleepiness.
• Occur in alcoholics or
due to surgery, burns
or problems with
malabsorption
• Certain medications or
low blood levels of
calcium may
contribute
• Not common
because the
body
eliminates
excess
amounts.
• Vital to
production of
hormones by
the thyroid
gland
• Iodized salt
• Seafood and
kelp
• Dairy products
• Food grown in
iodine rich soil
Link 2
• No significant
• May occur in areas that
incidence of iodine
have iodine-poor soil
toxicity in the U.S.
• Thyroid cells and the
• Very high intake can
gland become enlarged
reduce the function
(goiter)- can cause
of the thyroid gland
cretinism
• Extremely rare in the
U.S.
link
• Essential
component of
hemoglobin
• Component of
enzymes needed
to make ATP
• Animal products
(meat, dairy, etc.)
• Dark leafy vegetables
(spinach)
• Legumes (beans)
• Teas (bind iron)
• Cook in iron skillet
• Foods rich in vitamin
C (help absorption)
• Manifests itself as
iron deficiency
anemia
• Symptoms are
fatigue and lack of
energy, dizziness,
weight loss, and
lowered immunity
link
• Unlikely that iron
toxicity can develop
from an increased
dietary intake of iron
alone (except in
children)
• Symptoms are
fatigue, anorexia,
dizziness, nausea,
vomiting, headache,
weight loss,
shortness of breath,
and possibly a
grayish color to the
skin.
• Growth and
• Food additives
reproduction
• Aluminum products
• Found in the lungs,
and antiperspirant
brain, kidneys,
(minimal amounts)
liver, and thyroid
• Antacids
• Can be very toxic in excessive amounts and
even smaller too if it goes to the brain
• Symptoms equal to those of Alzheimer’s disease
and Osteoporosis
• Can lead to colic, rickets, gastrointestinal
disturbances, poor calcium metabolism, extreme
nervousness, anemia, headaches, decreased
liver and kidney function, speech disturbances,
memory loss, forgetfulness, softening of the
bones, and weak, aching muscles
• Helps maintain
calcium balance,
keeping bones
healthy and
preventing
osteoporosis
• Soil in many whole
foods
• Fruits (apples,
pears, grapes)
• Leafy greens
• Legumes and nuts
• May be associated
with an increased
incidence of
osteoporosis
• more of an
everyday concern
• Is associated with the
excessive use or
increased sensitivity
to boric acid (used as
an astringent and
antiseptic for the skin
and eyes)
• can lead to nausea
and vomiting, anemia,
hair loss, skin
eruption, and seizures
• Important in the
metabolism of fats
and carbohydrates
• Stimulates fatty acid
and cholesterol
synthesis and is an
activator of several
enzymes
• Brewer’s yeast
• Beef, liver, eggs,
chicken, oysters
• Wheat germ, green
peppers, apples,
bananas, spinach
• Butter
• Black pepper and
molasses
• May show itself as
impaired glucose
tolerance
• Seen in older people
with non insulindependent diabetes
mellitus, and in
infants with proteincalorie malnutrition
• Toxicity is not
common in
humans (low
absorption, high
secretion
• Part of Vitamin
B12
• Used in the
manufacture of
red blood cells
• Animal products
(meat, fish, dairy,
eggs)
• Algae, yeast,
bacteria
• soil
• May be responsible
for slow growth rate
and permanent
nervous disorders
• Can produce anemia
with symptoms of
paleness, fatigue,
diarrhea, heart
palpitations,
numbness in fingers
and toes
• Cobalt toxicity is not
common (low
absorption, high
excretion)
• Can lead to
enlargement of the
thyroid gland
• Suspected to be the
cause of some
cardiac failures in
heavy beer drinkers
because it was added
to beer to improve its
foaming qualities
• Present in all body
tissues
• Helps in the formation
of red blood cells
• keeps blood vessels,
nerves, immune
system, and bones
healthy
• Oysters and other
shellfish
• Whole grains, beans,
nuts, potatoes
• Organ meats
• Dark leafy greens,
dried fruits such as
prunes
• Cocoa, black pepper,
and yeast
• Not very common in
humans
• Menkes disease
(kinky hair syndrome)
is a very rare
congenital disorder of
copper metabolism
that occurs in male
infants.
• In large amounts,
toxic
• Rare hereditary
disorder (Wilson’s
disease) causes
deposits in liver,
brain, and other
organs- leads to
hepatitis, renal
problems, neurologic
disorders, and other
problems
• Helps form solid
teeth in children
• Keeps our bones
strong as we grow
older
• Fluoridated
water
• Toothpaste
• Can cause dramatic changes in the tooth
enamel in the form of luster loss and a chalky
mottled appearance
• Fluorosis-condition that results from ingesting
too much fluoride, affecting not only the teeth but
also causing bone abnormalities which become
thick and soft breaking more easily (decrease
calcium levels)
• Fluorine can be both mutagenic and carinogenic
and can produce pathological changes in the
kidneys
• Keeps liver, kidney,
eyes, bones, and
glands that produce
saliva healthy
• Helps break down
carbohydrates
• Clears fat from blood
• Whole grain
cereals
• Soybeans and
other beans, peas,
and nuts
• Black teas
• Variety of problems
including heart disease,
dermatitis, lower levels
of the good cholesterol
fraction, HDLcholesterol, accelerated
bone loss, reduced
fertility, retarded growth
in children, low blood
sugar, middle ear
problems
link
• Interferes with iron
absorption
• may increase the risk
of interfering in the
brain’s chemistry,
leading to negative
behavioral effects (in
young children)
• Needed for the proper
function of certain
enzyme-dependent
processes, including
the metabolism of iron
• might reduce the risk
of sulfite-reactive
asthma attacks
• Beans and
grains
• Dark leafy
vegetables
• Hard tap water
• causes an inability
to detoxify sulfites
• process of refining
foods increases
the possibility
• has been seen in
patients receiving
their nutrition
completely from
intravenous methods
• Symptoms include
increased heart
rate, headache,
shortness of
breath, nausea,
disorientation, and
vomiting.
link
• integral part of enzymes
• role as an antioxidant
• provide protection from the
toxic effects of heavy metals
• assist in the synthesis of
protein, in growth and
development, and in fertility,
especially in men (has been
shown to improve the
production of sperm and
sperm motility)
• Fish, shellfish, red
meat, eggs, chicken,
liver
• Grains
• Garlic
• Brewer’s yeast and
wheat germ
• Keshan diseaseabnormality of the
heart muscle (high
incidence in China
due to poor soil)
• May also occur in
patients fed
intravenously for long
periods of time
link
• Can lead to toxicity in
cattle grazing in
selenium-rich soil
(demonstrate muscle,
visual and heart
problems)
• Can cause problems
with the strength of
teeth and the tooth
enamel, loss of teeth,
hair, and nails, skin
inflammation, nausea,
and fatigue.
• In the tissues, such as
the nails and
connective tissue, give
them strength and
stability
• present in bone, blood
vessels, cartilage, and
tendons, helping to
make them strong
• wheat, oats, rice, sugar
beet, cane pulp, and
alfalfa
• Herbs horsetail,
comfrey, and nettles
• Lettuce, cucumbers,
avocados, strawberries,
onions, dandelions and
other dark greens
• Hard drinking water
link
• Decreased growth
and deficient bone
and tooth structure
were found in rats
with silicon-deficient
diets
• May increase
atherosclerosis and
heart disease
• Silicone toxicity and
immune dysfunction
syndrome- seen in
rare cases of breast
implants
• Some symptoms:
Peripheral
neuropathy, fatigue,
fibromyalgia, night
sweats, hair loss,
joint pain, sensitivities
• No essential role
has been identified
for tin, in humans
• The body does not
easily absorb the
mineral.
• The metal leaks
into canned foods
and can thereby be
transmitted into the
body
• Overdose leads to
destruction of
RBCs
• Seems to be involved
in catecholamine and
lipid metabolism
• It has been shown to
have an effect in
reducing the
production of
cholesterol
• Fats and vegetable
oils (soy, sunflower,
safflower, corn, and
olive oils)
• Buckwheat, parsley,
oats, rice, green
beans, carrots, and
cabbage
• Dill and radish
• Recent studies have
• There is a suspicion
revealed elevated levels
that low vanadium
of vanadium in patients
can increase
with mania and
susceptibility to heart
depression
disease and cancer or • Workers who clean
lead to higher
vanadium-containing
cholesterol and
petroleum storage
tanks inhale and absorb
triglyceride levels
additional vanadiumdust can be a bit
irritating to the lungs,
and the tongue may
become somewhat
green
• Important role in the
proper functioning of
the immune system in
the body
• Required for the
enzyme activities
necessary for cell
division, cell growth,
and wound healing
• Plays a role in the
acuity of the senses of
smell and taste
• High-protein
foods
• Peanuts, peanut
butter, and
legumes
• Symptoms include slow
growth, poor appetite,
decrease in wound
healing, loss of hair,
taste - impaired smellimpaired
hypogonadism in
males, more frequent
infections, inability or
difficulty in adapting
vision to the dark
• Least toxic of the
trace elements
• May cause
diarrhea,
abdominal cramps,
and vomiting
link