Transcript Dietary Supplements - hansen

Dietary Supplements
Dietary Supplements
• Product, other than tobacco, intended to
enhance the diet that contains one or
more of the following dietary ingredients:
vitamins, minerals, amino acids, herbs,
and/or other botanicals
• Found in the form of tablets, capsules,
powders, gel tabs, extracts or liquids
Vitamins
• Consume well-balanced diet, do not need
vitamin supplement
• Vitamins do not provide energy and do not
build muscles; help release energy from
carbs and fat people ingest
• Only disorders vitamins can cure are
vitamin deficiencies
Minerals
• Well-balanced diet, do not need mineral
supplement; excess can cause toxicity
• Do not provide energy
Herbal Supplements
• Plant matter, used in the form of powders,
extracts, teas and/or tablets, believed to
have therapeutic benefits
• Considered dietary supplement by Food
and Drug Administration (FDA) and
therefore not regulated like traditional
drugs
Herbal Supplements
• No standard for quality of product
• Not required to prove safety or
effectiveness
• FDA can only remove herbal supplement
after it has been proven to be unsafe
Performance Enhancers
• Ergogenic Aids-any agent that enhances
energy utilization, including energy
production and efficiency
• Most common are anabolic steroids
Anabolic Steroids
• Anabolic-androgenic steroids-man made
substances related to male sex hormones
that are used to build muscle and enhance
masculine characteristics
• Available legally only by prescription to
treat conditions that occur when the body
produces abnormally low amounts of
testosterone
Anabolic Steroids
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Side Effects-many are permanent
Liver Tumors
Cancer
Jaundice (yellowing of skin)
High blood pressure
Kidney tumors
Acne
Anabolic Steroids
Gender Specific
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Male
Infertility
Baldness
Breast development
Increased risk of
prostate cancer
• Female
• Facial hair
• Male-pattern
baldness
• Change or loss of
menstrual cycle
• Deepened voice
Anabolic Steroids
Psychological Side Effects
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Aggression
Depression
Mood swings
Paranoid jealousy
Extreme irritability
Delusions
Growth Hormone
• Ergogenic aid produced by the pituitary
gland that works to increase conversion of
amino acids to protein
• Allows fat to be used as energy source
• Side effects: heart disease, osteoporosis,
death
Caffeine
• Acts as a stimulant and is believed to
enhance endurance and improve reaction
times
• High levels can cause sleeplessness,
anxiety, headache, nervousness and
dehydration
Creatine Monohydrate
• Amino acid, found naturally in skeletal
muscle, that is stored for quick energy and
is used as a supplement to increase
skeletal muscle
• Creatine theoretically works by increasing
energy production during exercise
enabling athletes to sustain strenuous
exercise for longer periods of time
Creatine
• Side effects: muscle cramping,
dehydration, nausea and seizures
• May also affect kidney function
Ephedra
• Substance derived from a shrub-like plant;
used as a stimulant to boost energy,
enhance athletic performance and aid in
weight loss
• Has potentially life threatening stimulant
effects on the central nervous system and
heart
Ephedra
• Works to suppress sweat mechanism
while athlete is exercising which can
cause a rapid rise in body temperature,
leading to heat stroke
• Nervousness, insomnia, nausea, high
blood pressure, seizures, heart attack,
stroke, death