Transcript Vanishing points (two

Perspective
Drawing
Linear Perspective: is a
system for drawing 3-D
space on a 2-D surface by
following the rule that all
parallel and receding lines
converge to vanishing
points, and that objects
appear smaller as they
recede in space.
What is this type
of drawing called?
The entire theory of perspective can be developed from a single
fact: that the apparent size of an object decreases with increasing
distance from the eye.
This is the phenomenon that makes railroad tracks converge into
the distance.
The Middle Ages
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Before the Renaissance, artists
relied on Atmospheric
Perspective or size, placement,
and overlapping to distinguish
between and determine the
importance of areas and objects
in their work.
Works emphasized symbolism
and religion rather than realism.
* What parts of this painting look most realistic to you?
* What parts look least lifelike?
* Which objects or people seem closest and most
distant in the painting?
*What clues does the artist give that one object is
further away than another?
The Renaissance
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Why did pictures change from those without
perspective to those that had perspective?
For one thing, Brunelleschi happened!
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Filippo Di Ser Brunellescohi(1377-1446), sculptor,
architect, and artisan-engineer, is given credit for the
invention of linear perspective. Here he is looking up
at the famous dome he built for El Duomo (14181436) in Florence.
During the Renaissance, European artists
began to study the model of nature more
closely and to paint with the goal of greater
realism. They learned to create lifelike
people and animals, and they became
skilled at creating the illusion of depth and
distance on flat walls and canvases by using
the techniques of linear perspective.
He developed the idea
of Orthogonal lines !!
Leonardo da Vinci trained as a painter
during the Renaissance and became a true
master of the craft. His amazing powers of
observation and skill as an illustrator enabled
him to notice and recreate the effects he saw
in nature, and added a special liveliness to his
portraits. Curious as well as observant, he
constantly tried to explain what he saw, and
described many experiments to test his ideas.
Because he wrote down and sketched so
many of his observations in his notebooks, we
know that he was among the very first to take
a scientific approach towards understanding
how our world works and how we see it.
The Picture Plane: the imaginary transparent plane that
lies between the viewer and the subject.
Line of Sight: An imaginary line traveling from the eye of
the spectator to infinity.
Ground Plane or
Ground Line:
The bottom of the
picture plane.
Lesson Objective
To be able to draw objects in one and two point perspective
A perspective drawing tries to show what something actually looks like.
Smaller in the
distance
Larger close up
Lesson Objective
To be able to draw objects in one and two
point perspective
The imaginary and lightly drawn guidelines in
perspective drawing are called orthogonal
lines. They are usually parallel lines that
converge on the horizon line at the vanishing
point.
What is this point
called?
A clue: the initials are
VP
Vanishing point - this is
where all lines appear to
meet
One - point perspective only
uses one vanishing point.
The line where the
vanishing point sits is
called the Horizon Line
or Eye Level Line.
It represents the eye
level of the viewer and is
determined by the height
of the viewer.
Sighting: an angle measuring technique in
which the holds out a pencil at arm’s length
toward the object being examined to make
comparisons.
Lesson Objective
To be able to draw basic shapes in one and two point
perspective
TASK: Draw a cross in
one-point perspective
EXTENSION:
Draw a letter in one or twopoint perspective then add
tonal shading to it.
1 Point Perspective Project :
Your Name
Create your name using 1Point Perspective
- Start with your horizon line
and vanishing point.
- Use orthogonal lines.
- Add a bit of yourself to your
drawing
- Add color and texture
Lesson Objective
To be able to draw objects in two point perspective
Two-point perspective shows
objects edge-on.
It uses two vanishing points
NOT one!
WHY USE IT?
It gives a more realistic view of an
object or product.
Lesson Objective
To be able to draw objects in two point perspective
TASK: Draw a cube in two-point perspective.
Explore what happens
when you place your cube
above, below and on the
horizon line!
1. Draw a line across
the middle of your page
- this will be your
horizon
2. Draw in two
vanishing points
3. Draw one side of
your cube - using
projection lines to one
vanishing point
6. Add thick and thin
lines and rub out your
unwanted construction
lines.
5. Draw two projection
lines to the vanishings
point for the base draw in the outlines
4. Draw in the other
side - once again using
projection lines
Vanishing point (one-point perspective) The
point or points at which all lines in a
perspective drawing meet
Vanishing points (two-point perspective) The
point or points at which all lines in a perspective
drawing meet
Horizon line
The line on which most vanishing points sit
(usually where the sky meets the land)
Construction lines
Faint lines that aid the construction of your
drawings. Usually rubbed out at the end.
3 Point Perspective
Ant’s Eye View
Looking Up
Bird’s Eye View
Looking Down
Thick and Thin lines
An enhancement technique used to
improve drawings. Thick lines add shadow.
Tonal Shading
An enhancement technique used to
improve drawings. When you add shades
of white to black to differentiate between
surfaces. This helps make the three
dimensional illusion easier to see.
Texture
An enhancement technique that simulates the way an
object feels to the touch or looks as it may feel if it were
touched.
Lesson Objective
To be able to draw a city in two-point or three-point perspective
TASK
1. Using the handout as a guide
create a 2 point perspective
fantasy city scape. ( It must
have man made structures
such as houses and
skyscrapers.
2. Add details to your work, such
as trees, windows and pathways.
3. Add rendering and
enhancement techniques such as
textures and tonal
shading to improve your work.