Transcript a powerpoint presentation on Yr 10 27 Short term effects of active

Effects of a balanced, healthy
lifestyle on the cardiovascular,
respiratory and muscular
systems
Short term effects
Breathing
Heart rate
circulation
short
term effects
of
exercise
muscles
sweating
Breathing
Rate rises quickly as
demands for O2
increase
Even before activity
commences
More air is drawn into
the lungs as the
muscles involved in
breathing work harder
The increased volume
of air delivers more
O2 to the bloodstream
and on to the working
muscles
Breathing
Tidal volume (the volume of air
inhaled and exhaled at each breath)
increases
Minute volume (the total amount of
air which moves in and out of the
lungs in 1 minute) increases
Heart rate
The NS triggers
(anticipatory rise) faster
heart rate and a greater
volume of blood is pumped
around the body
The stroke volume (volume
of blood pumped from the
heart in one beat)
increases
Cardiac output (volume of
blood pumped by the heart
per minute) increases
This greatly increases the
volume of blood delivered
to the muscles
Circulation
The circulation of
blood increases as the
level of activity rises
This is in response to
the increased demand
for O2 by the muscles
The major blood
vessels dilate to allow
this to happen
Those blood vessels
not involved in the
activity will constrict
Muscles
Blood vessels in the active
muscles dilate to
accommodate increased blood
flow
Blood temperature rises and
this produces more efficient
muscle action (a rise in
temperature from 37C > 41C
produces a 15% increase in
performance of muscles)
This increases the blood
supply to the muscle tendons,
reducing likelihood of
tears/strains
This process will have begun
during the warm up
Lactic acid build up > fatigue
Sweating
Sweat production is
accelerated during
increased levels of
activity
Sweat released via the
sweat glands / skin
pores helps remove
impurities from the
body
The evaporation of
sweat at the skin
surface contributes to
body cooling
Illustration explanation:
The skin is composed of an
epidermal layer (E) from
which hair follicles (H), sweat
glands (G), and sebaceous
glands (S) descend into the
underlying dermis (D).
breathing
Heart rate
circulation
muscles
sweating