Transcript The Role of Nutrients

The Role of Nutrients
Benefits of Good Nutrition
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Growth, Development, and Function
Fitness
Job Performance
Appearance
Less Risk of Illness
Long-term Health
Malnutrition
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Malnutrition = Poor nutrition over a
prolonged period
What is a Calorie (kilocalorie)?
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It is the amount of energy needed to raise
the temperature of 1 kilogram of water 1°
Celsius
It is how we measure the amount of energy
we put into our body.
Six types of Essential
Nutrients
1.
Carbohydrates - Body’s main source
of energy. Examples: Grains,
potatoes, & vegetables.
2.
Fats - Concentrated source of energy
Examples: Butter, dressings, baked
goods.
3. Protein – Helps build, repair and
maintain body tissue. Examples:
Poultry, eggs, milk, and beef.
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Vitamins – Chemicals that help
regulate many vital body processes
and aid other nutrients. Examples:
Vitamins C, D & E
Minerals – Non-living substances that
help the body work and can become
part of body tissue. Examples:
Calcium & Potassium
6.
Water – Essential to life.
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Nutrient Deficiency – Nutrient shortage
produces many possible symptoms
depending on the nutrient.
Carbohydrates
Complex
Carbohydrates
Simple
Carbohydrates
Starches
Dietary Fiber
Ex. Potatoes and
Grains
Ex. Fruits and
Vegetables (SKIN)_
Refine Sugar Natural Sugars
These are sugars
extracted from plants ex.
Honey & molasses
Insoluble Fiber Soluble Fiber
Will not dissolve
In water
Dissolve in water
Fruit – Fructose
Grains – Maltose
Dairy - Lactose
Protein
Complete Protein
Incomplete Protein
Supplies all 9 of the Essential
Amino Acids
Ex. Meat, eggs, & dairy
Lacking one or more Essential
Amino Acids
All food from plant sources
Role of Nutrients
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Dietary Fiber – a mixture of plant materials
that is not broken down in the digestive
system.
DRI’s – (Dietary Reference Intakes)
Standards used for assessing nutrients
needs among people of different age and
gender groups.
RDA’s – (Recommended Dietary
Allowances) The amounts of a nutrient
needed by 98% of the people in a given
area and gender group.
AI’s - (Adequate Intakes) Used when a lack
of RDA cannot be established.
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Can malnutrition exist where food is
abundant?
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YES
Why? – Due to poor diet or a medical
condition
What four factors determine the number of
calories your body needs?
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Activity level
Age
Weight
Gender