Transcript Chapter 13 Part 2

The Renaissance
Chapter 13
Part 2
Renaissance Art
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Differed from Medieval Art
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Italian Art differed from that in Northern
Europe
Medieval Art
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Medieval Painting
Usually religious scenes and themes
 Idealized with stylized and generic faces
 Purpose: to convey the essence of the topic
 Flat; one-dimensional
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Medieval Sculpture
Relief rather than free-standing
 Stiff and idealized
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Medieval Architecture Romanesque to Gothic:
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Pointed arches, spires, busy details, no symmetry
Italian Renaissance Painting
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Classical model:
Often Religious scenes BUT
 Secular themes
 Showcased unique and distinctive individuals
 NOT generic or stylized
 Faces expressed emotion
 Three-dimensional due to: shading, use of color,
perspective
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Italian Renaissance Art
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Sculpture:
 free-standing
 Nude
 Copied classical (Greek and Roman) models
 Celebrated individuals; not religion
Italian Renaissance Art
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Architecture:
Classical models
 Rounded arches
 Balance
 Square Angles
 Symmetry
 Domes
 Restraint during the High Renaissance
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New Techniques
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Perspective: delivered a 3-demensional effect
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Chiaroscuro: The use of dark and light colors to
give the impression of depth
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Sfumato: Blurring or softening of lines (da
Vinci)
New Techniques
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In sculpture…Contrapposto: a more natural
stance with one foot in front of the other
In Northern Europe
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More detail…especially in the background
More emotion than Italians
Used Oil-Based paint ( the Italians used tempura
but will borrow the oil-based from the North)
Frequently a preoccupation with death
North was less classical & more religious
Reflected Christian Humanism
The Italian Renaissance Began…
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In the Quatracento (1400’s)
In Florence
The Medici’s were among the first with
Donatello’s David for Lorenzo’s wedding
Then the Sforza's of Milan commissioned da
Vinci’s Last Supper
Donatello’s David
Donatello
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The first artist since antiquity to sculpt a freestanding nude figure
da Vinci’s The Last Supper
da Vinci’s Mona Lisa
da Vinci…a true Renaissance Man
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Artist
Inventor
You name it
Patronage…
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Was one way to flaunt one’s wealth
Artists worked by accepting commissions
Artists were respected and paid well
Artists were sometimes seen as geniuses
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Local churches were also patrons of the arts
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Brunelleschi’s Il Duomo was built for
Santa Maria del Fiore Cathedral
Il Duomo
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The largest dome in Europe in its time
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Brunelleschi was called the Father of Perspective
Ghiberti’s two sets of doors were for
Santa Maria del Fiore’s baptistery
The Door Panels
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Were called the Gates of Paradise by
Michelangelo
Ghiberti won a contest against Brunelleschi and
won the right to sculpt the bronze doors
Michelangelo’s David was intended for this
baptistery
Giotto
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Was considered the first Renaissance Painter
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Three Panels
The Lamentation
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Giotto’s Lamentation
Michelangelo’s David
By the Cinquecento (1500’s)
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Rome was the leader
Renaissance popes spent big bucks:
Alexander VI
Julius II
Leo X
Commissioned by the Church:
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Michelangelo’s:
Dome at St. Peter’s Cathedral
 Ceiling of the Sistine Chapel
 The Pieta
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Michelangelo’s Dome at St. Peter’s
Michelangelo’s Ceiling
of the Sistine Chapel
Michelangelo’s Pieta
The Pieta
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At St. Peter’s Cathedral
Considered to be the most perfect marble statue
ever
Raphael
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Was a student of Michelangelo and da Vinci
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Painted LOTS of the Madonna and Child
But also…School of Athens
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Raphael’s School of Athens
Masaccio
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The first painter of the Renaissance to portray
real, nude human figures in three dimensions
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Note the use of perspective
The Expulsion of Adam and Eve
Botticelli’s Birth of Venus
Note the contrapposto
Titian
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The greatest painter of the Venetian school
Titian’s
The Presentation of the Virgin