Transcript What happens to the food we eat?

SC115 Principles of Nutrition
Unit 2: What happens to the food we eat?
Orville E. Bigelow, M.S., RD
Adjunct Faculty, Department of Science
School of General Education
Kaplan University
This week’s discussion topics:
• What happens to the food we eat?
• If the body adjusts to digest each food that we eat,
why can it react so differently to different foods?
• What is the difference between food intolerance
and food allergy?
• What disorders are related to digestion?
What happens to the food we eat?
What happens to the food
we eat?
• Mouth
• Stomach
• Small intestines
- Accessory organs
- Liver and gall bladder
- Pancreas
• Large intestines
• We are outta here! Well at
least the waste is!
Field trip!
• Lets take a look at the digestive
process:
http://www.pennmedicine.org/he
alth_info/bariatrics/000178.html
But wait! There is more…
• Let’s pull out our ‘binoculars’ and
take a closer look at peristalsis
and segmentation:
• http://nutrition.jbpub.com/resource
s/animations.cfm?id=1&debug=0
What happens to the food
we eat?
• Is all food the same?
- Carbohydrates (4 calories per gram)
- What do we use it for?
- Proteins (4 calories per gram)
- What do we use it for?
- Fats (9 calories per gram)
- What do we use it for?
If the body adjusts to digest each food
that we eat, why can it react so
differently to different foods?
If the body adjusts to digest each food that
we eat, why can it react so differently to
different foods?
• Because different foods provide
different nutrients
• An overabundance of nutrients may not
always be healthy…
Let’s take a look at protein
• Protein is broken down to amino acids
• Amino acids are used by our cells to make their own
proteins to carry out the functions of our bodies
• The proteins are made through ‘protein synthesis’ a
process by which our DNA tells our cells how to make the
protein
• Lets take a closer look at the process:
http://nutrition.jbpub.com/resources/animations.cfm?id=14
&debug=0
What happens if we get too much
protein?
• Proteins used when carbohydrates are
not available for energy
• Excess proteins converted to fat
The price of a high fat diet…
• Chronic disease
- Obesity
- Diabetes
- Cardiovascular disease (heart attacks & strokes)
- High blood pressure (hypertension or HTN)
- Renal disease
Lets take a field trip to the arteries!
• What is atherosclerosis?
• http://nutrition.jbpub.com/resources/a
nimations.cfm?id=36&debug=0
What is the difference between food
intolerance and food allergy?
What is the difference between food
intolerance and food allergy?
• A food intolerance is the inability to eat and/or
digest a specific food due to the complications it
may cause
- Lactose intolerance
• A food allergy can be a life threatening problem
due to proteins from a foreign source getting into
your blood stream and causing an allergic
reaction
- Allergy to milk proteins
What disorders are related to
digestion?
What disorders are related to digestion?
•
•
•
•
•
Burping
Ulcers
Choking
Diarrhea and vomiting
Heartburn
One last field trip!
• Just what is that ‘burning sensation’??
Let’s get to the ‘heart of the matter’!
• http://www.pennmedicine.org/encyclopedia/
em_DisplayAnimation.aspx?gcid=000068&
ptid=17
The end!
See you next week!