Transcript William Shakespeare and The Renaissance Period

Era or Time Period
An era is a period of time characterized by particular circumstances,
events, or persons.
(Webster On-line Dictionary)
Literary and Artistic Time Periods
Middle Ages:
A broad period from 500 to 1500 AD which includes Chaucer,
romance, drama and verse.
Renaissance:
A period of "rebirth" from roughly the 14th through the 16th
Centuries. Some links here also refer to the 17th century. Milton,
Shakespeare, Spenser, More, and Donne are a few of the authors
of this period.
Gothic Period:
This period crosses from the late 18th Century to the early 19th
and mixes into the Romantic Period with Gothic Romances. This
period includes Mary Shelley’s Frankenstein.
Literary Era’s continued
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Romantic Period:
From the late 18th Century to the late 19th, the Romantic period flourished
with authors including Jane Austen, William Blake, Samuel Coleridge, and
William Wordsworth.
Victorian Period:
During the reign of Queen Victoria (1837 - 1901) in England, literature
reflected the impact of and struggles brought on by the Industrial
Revolution. Bronte, George Eliot, Tennyson, Dickens, and Wilde are a few
of the represented authors.
Post Colonial:
Here find links to materials covering postcolonial theory, literatures and
authors from the Caribbean, India, and South Africa after Colonial
rule. There is limited country information available as well.
1990’s Era
*Electronic age – the World Wide Web was born in 1992
* By 1994, 3 million people were online. And by 1998, this figure
increased to 100 million people. In 2000, 295 million people used
the internet daily.
• Population: 281,421,906 (2000 Census), Unemployment: 5.8
million, or 4.2% (Sept 99), National Debt: $5,413.l Million
(1997) | Average Salary: $13.37/hr (1999) | Minimum
Wage: $5.15/hr (1997) | Life Expectancy: Male 73.1 Female
79.1(1997) | Auto Deaths: 49,772 (1997)
• Seinfeld, The Cosby Show, Cheers, Beverly Hills 90210, and Friends
were among the most popular shows on television.
• The first popular reality TV shows began on MTV called The Real
World and Survivor on CBS.
• The first animal, “Dolly” was cloned in the early 90’s.
• Cell phones, which were in their early stages in the late 1980’s,
became a “necessity” for the vast majority of people in the US.
1990’s Trends
Kurt Cobain from Nirvana– The Seattle
grunge scene
Beverly Hills 90210
1990’s Trends
1990’s Prices
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Money and Inflation 1990's
To provide an estimate of inflation we have given a guide to the value of $100 US Dollars for the
first year in the decade to the equivalent in today's money
If you have $100 Converted from 1990 to 2005 it would be equivalent to $153.76 today
In 1990 the average cost of a new house was $123,000.00 and by 1999 was $131,700.00
In 1990 the average income per year was $28,970.00 and by 1999 was $40,810.00
In 1990 a gallon of gas was $1.34 and by 1999 was $1.22
In 1990 the average cost of new car was $16,000.00 and by 1999 was $21,100.00
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A few more prices from the 90's and how much things cost
Ford Mustang Convertible $14,289.00 1990
Plymouth Voyager $15,999 New Jersey 1996
Leather Bomber Jacket $99.99 Annapolis 1993 From
Levi Denim Jeans $34.99 New Jersey 1996
Super Nintendo $159.00 New Jersey 1996
Cellular Car Phone $325.00 Ohio 1990
1990’s Events
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The Gulf War
1992 LA Riots (Rodney King)
President Clinton affair
1995 O.J. Simpson trial
In the months between February 1996 and April 1999
there were at least fourteen incidents of school
shootings with the most lethal being on April 20, 1999
when 14 students and 1 teacher were killed and 23
wounded at Columbine High School in Littleton,
Colorado.
Booming economy with the stock market at an all-time
high
Michael Jordan and Chicago Bulls won six titles in the
90's (91, 92, 93, 96, 97 and 98)
William Shakespeare and
The English Renaissance
The English Renaissance
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The Elizabethan Era, or the
English Renaissance, is a period
of time associated with the reign
of Queen Elizabeth I (15581603)
Elizabeth was 25 years old when
she became the Queen of
England and she held that title
for 45 years until her death in
1603.
This renaissance period can be
directly attributed to Elizabeth’s
character and influence which is
why it is nicknamed the
“Elizabethan Era”.
Queen Elizabeth Facts
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Daughter of Henry VIII and Anne Boleyn (who was later executed
for treason)
Elizabeth was third in line for the thrown following her younger halfbrother Edward and her older half-sister Mary.
Elizabeth took over the monarchy after Edward died at the age of
15 and her sister, nicknamed “Bloody Mary” because of her
relentless and extremely violent efforts to return England solely to
Catholicism, died suddenly in 1558.
Elizabeth was a popular and powerful Queen who led England into a
time of enormous prosperity and stability.
She was exceptionally well educated and enjoyed everything from
history and science, to art, literature and philosophy.
She encouraged many types of art forms and artists which led to a
cultural reawakening or “renaissance”.
Queen Mary nicknamed
“Bloody Mary”
Characteristics of the Renaissance
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“The Elizabethan World Picture” was a widely held assumption that
there was an order to the nature of the universe. Everything had its
place and function. This led to structure, intricate design, and
elaborate ornamentation which was seen in fashion, music,
architecture, and literature of the period.
The greatest literature of the period falls into two
categories: poetry and drama. One of the most
famous poems of the time, The Faerie Queen,
was written as a tribute to Queen Elizabeth by
Edmund Spenser. William Shakespeare is the
most famous of all writers of the period completing
34 successful plays and over 150 poems.
Interesting Facts about the
Renaissance Period
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The most popular forms of entertainment during this time were
plays, feasts, festivals, and jousting tournaments.
Scientific progress was made in the field of cartography (mapping
the globe). Sir Francis Drake circumnavigated the globe between
1577 and 1581 and another explorer named Martin Frobisher
explored the artic.
“Coaches” were invented as a means of transportation and became
as popular as cars are to us today.
Girls were permitted to marry at the age of 12 and boys at 14
however, the average age to marry was 27.
Men were considered the head of the household and wives had to
abide by their rules.
In noble families children were sent away to be nursed by a woman
typically referred to as a “wet nurse”.
Interesting Facts about the
Renaissance Period
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Coins were literally worth the value of their metal.
Many businesses accepted tokens, made of brass or leather, that could be
traded for goods, instead of coins as a form of payment.
The main meal of the day was served at noon and could consist of bread,
stew, a vegetable, and ale.
Many foods were discovered as edible during this period such as bananas,
artichokes, peanuts, cocoa, iceberg lettuce, turkey, and tomatoes.
The main occupations were carpenters, brewers, blacksmiths, bakers,
tradesmen (clock maker, candle maker etc.), butchers, and whores, which
was legal at the time and regulated by the government because of the
frequency of diseases passed.
In the city, chamber pots might be emptied directly into the streets,
which would only be cleaned in a heavy shower of rain.
The Fleet River (after which Fleet Street in London is named) was
known as Fleet Ditch. It was in effect an open sewer, infested by
rats--a certain source of infection for the plague.
Renaissance Music
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The Renaissance era was one of the most productive
time periods in history as far as the advancement of
music goes.
Music became much more expressive, and the sound
and quality of the instruments became more refined
and more pleasant to listen to.
Instruments such as the bagpipe, cornet, and the lute
became more than just accompaniment for singers;
they became an outlet for emotions.
Instruments
The Lute
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htm?zi=1/XJ/Ya&sdn=historymedren&cdn=educatio
n&tm=1358&gps=322_189_1213_586&f=00&tt=14
&bt=0&bts=0&zu=http%3A//www.music.iastate.ed
u/antiqua/instrumt.html
Instruments
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Bagpipe
Cornet
http://historymedren.about.com/gi/dynamic/offsite.htm?zi=1/XJ/Ya&sdn=historymedren&cdn=educati
on&tm=1358&gps=322_189_1213_586&f=00&tt=14&bt=0&bts=0&zu=http%3A//www.music.ias
tate.edu/antiqua/instrumt.html
Renaissance Art
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Artist – Raphael born in Italy
in 1483 and died in 1520
Oil painting titled, “Portrait of
a Young Man in Red”
In four years Raphael's fame
led to a summons to Rome
from Pope Julius II. As
painter to the papal court, his
work met with high praise,
and he established himself as
the most favored artist in
Rome. He was commissioned
to paint portraits, devotional
subjects, and the Pope's
private rooms; he also
designed tapestries.
Renaissance Art Continued
Michelangelo Buonarroti
Italian, painting done about
1530
 sculptor, painter, draftsman,
architect, and poet, and
Italy's most famous artist.
More than anyone,
Michelangelo elevated the
status of the artist above the
level of craftsman. His
deeply felt religious
convictions were manifested
in his art. For him, the body
was the soul's prison. By
using movement,
monumental forms, and
gesture to express spiritual
urges, he opened up new
artistic avenues. (The Getty
website)
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Painting titled, “The Holy Family” - Black and red chalk with pen and brown ink over
stylus; black and brown ink “ - Michelangelo
How to Look at Art
 "We all look at the same things, yet see different
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things." — Claude Monet
Studying an artistic piece, whether it be a painting,
sculptor, tapestry, photograph, etc. is a skill that
requires observation, evaluation, and an eye for color,
lines, and texture among other things.
It is necessary to spend several minutes studying the
artwork you are evaluating in order to be able to absorb
the scene and materials used.
“Irise’s”
by Van
Gohh