Transcript Translation - Peoria Public Schools / Overview

A process designed to create proteins.
TRANSLATION
 What template is being used to
create our protein sequence?
 Where is translation taking
place?
 What types of Nucleic acids are
used in translation?
Once the mRNA has been synthesized from
transcription, it moves to a ribosome in
the cytoplasm.
 A ribosome consists of
two parts, the LARGE
SUBUNIT and the SMALL
SUBUNIT. These pieces
come together during
translation.
 These subunits are made
of protein and ___?____
Ribosomes
which are
formation
the E, P,
contain three sites,
necessary for the
of protein. They are
and A site.
 Do you know the order
in which they appear?
What does tRNA look like?
 tRNA is made of
nucleotides. On the
bottom is the anticodon, which is
complementary to a
codon on an mRNA
strand.
 It has three loops
created by four regions
of base pairing.
Stage 1: Initiation
 The small ribosomal
subunit is going to
bind to the mRNA
strand at the 5’ end.
An initiator tRNA
anticodon is going to
pair with the mRNA
start codon sequence
(AUG).
 What is a codon? What
is an anticodon? What
does tRNA really bring?
 The arrival of the
large ribosomal
subunit creates an
initiation complex.
At this time, the
initiator tRNA is in
the P (peptidyl)
site. This allows
other tRNAs to
now bind to the
ribosome.
Stage 2: Elongation
Part 1: Codon Recognition
An arriving tRNA
binds to the
codon in the A
site of the
ribosome
Part 2: Peptide Bond Formation
The Ribosome allows
for the formation of a
bond between the
amino acid attached
to the tRNA in the A
(aminoacyl) site and
the amino acid of the
tRNA in the P
(peptidyl) site.
Part 3: Translocation
The tRNA in the P
(peptidyl) site moves to the
E (Exit) site. It is then
released from the ribosome
The tRNA in the A
(aminoacyl) site moves to
the P site.
The mRNA shifts one codon
along the ribosome
Stage 3: Termination
 Elongation continues
until a stop codon on the
mRNA reaches the A site
of the ribosome. The stop
codons are UAA, UAG,
and UGA
 Release factors cause the
mRNA to be released and
the ribosome subunits to
disassemble
What would your
body do if it needed
a lot of a specific
protein at once?