Transcript Organic Compounds Review - Enrico Fermi High School

Organic Compounds
All Organic Compounds are
composed of?
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Carbon
Hydrogen
Oxygen
Organic Compounds include:
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Carbohydrates
Protein
Lipids
Nucleic Acids
Carbohydrates
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Sugar
Starches
Carbohydrates Names
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Monosaccharides: one simple sugar
Disaccharides: two sugars bonded together
Polysaccharides: many sugars bonded together,
starches
Important Carbohydrates in Our
Bodies
 Glucose: most
important
monosaccharide
 Glycogen: the
most important
polysaccharide
Carbohydrates and water:
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Dehydration synthesis: builds di and
polysaccharides through the removal of water
Hydrolysis: addition of water to break bonds
forming simple sugar (ex: digestion)
Lipids
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Fats, oils, and waxes
Phospholipids: make up cell membranes
Saturated and Unsaturated Fats
Cholesterol
Lipids in body
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Energy Storage: Fatty Acids
Hormones: Steroids
Cell Membrane: Phospholipids
FATTY ACIDS
Protein
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Made up of 20 different amino acids
Your body makes 18 and 2 you get from food
The combination of the 20 amino acids make up different
proteins, like the 26 letters of the alphabet make up different
words.
Protein in Body
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Give Structure to body
Can become Enzymes: Catalysts
Can become Hormones
Can fight off disease
Nucleic Acids
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Genetic Code for the production of protein
Two main types: DNA and RNA
Difference between the two: sugar and nitrogen
bases
DNA sugar: deoxyribose
RNA sugar: ribose
Glucose
Glucose
DNA
TRIGLYCERIDE
POLYSACCHARIDE