Transcript Food as Fuel - Abraham Lincoln High School

3 parts of Respiration



Glycolysis – may be anaerobic
TCA – Kreb’s Cycle
aerobic – require
oxygen
Electron Transport Chain
Electron shuttles
span membrane
CYTOSOL
MITOCHONDRION
2 NADH
or
2 FADH2
2 NADH
2 NADH
Glycolysis
2
Pyruvate
Glucose
2
Acetyl
CoA
6 NADH
Citric
acid
cycle
+ 2 ATP
+ 2 ATP
by substrate-level
phosphorylation
by substrate-level
phosphorylation
Maximum per glucose:
About
36 or 38 ATP
2 FADH2
Oxidative
phosphorylation:
electron transport
and
chemiosmosis
+ about 32 or 34 ATP
by oxidative phosphorylation, depending
on which shuttle transports electrons
from NADH in cytosol
Glycolysis


Occurs in the cytoplasm (cytosol)
Refer to handout…
Glycolysis
Glycolysis
1. Phosphorylate glucose – 2 ATP used up
Glycolysis
2. Rearrange molecule to form fructose
Glycolysis
3. Phosphorylate again – ATP used up
Glycolysis
4. Split into two 3-carbon pieces, each
containing one P
2 glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate (G3P) or
PGAL
Glycolysis
5. Add a high-energy phosphate (~ P ) to each
piece. NAD+ is reduced to NADH + H
Glycolysis
6. Transfer the high-energy phosphate to ADP,
making ATP (2 are made)… substrate-level
phosphorylation!
Glycolysis
7. Rearrange the position of the remaining
phosphate
Glycolysis
8. Remove H2O, making phosphoenolpyruvate
which contains ~ P
Glycolysis
9. Transfer high-energy phosphate (~ P ) to
ADP, making ATP; 2 ATPs are made
PEP becomes pyruvate
Glycolysis
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