Transcript Carbon & Molecular Diversity

Chapter 4
Carbon and the
Molecular Diversity of
Life
Organic Chemistry
Urea
Carbon’s versatility
Major Elements Of
Organic Molecules
The
valences are the “rules”
for building organic
molecules.
Hydrocarbons
Examples
Isomers
Types Of Isomers
Structural Isomers
Butane
Isobutane
Geometric Isomers
Enantiomers
Comment
Organisms
are sensitive to
even the most subtle
variations in molecular
architecture.
Example - Thalidomide
Cells
can distinguish
between two isomers.
One is an effective drug.
The other causes birth
defects.
Functional Groups
Importance of
Functional Groups
Hydroxyl Group
Carbonyl Group
Aldehydes
Ketones
Carboxyl Group
Carboxylic Acids
Amino Group
Sulfhydryl Group
Phosphate Group
Methyl Group
Summary
Be
able to recognize isomers.
Know the seven functional
groups and what properties
they give to molecules.