Transcript The Middle Ages Gothic Chartres Cathedral, Chartres, France, 12th

FRENCH ART
Brief survey
Many thanks to Dr. P. Schrock for her input.
Copyright, 2011 Dr. Th. Saint Paul
Lay out: Elizabeth Logsdon
Murray State University
Art and Society
reflect each other
• Classified by broad
sweeping changes
from era to era
Detail from Bourges
Cathedral:Battle of
Roncevaux/ Song of
Roland (800 -9th c)
The Middle Ages
Romanesque
(9/10thc-12thc)
Vezelay, Autun, Bourges,
Conques…
Gothic
Notre Dame (Paris)
gargoyles
http://ndparis.free.fr/index.html
Gothic,
Chartres
Cathedral,
France,
12th C
Notre Dame
de Paris,
Rosace
Albi cathedral pillar
Cathar Castle (SW FRANCE)--- Arques
Fortified City of Carcassonne (SW)
The Renaissance (16th c)
Madonna of the Meadow Raphael(Italian) 1505
Meaning “rebirth” in French
1400-1600
Italian in origin
Stressed forms of classical
antiquity (roman/greek)
Space based on perspective
and everyday details
Added religious topics
The northern Renaissance in Flanders
BRUEGEL, Pieter the Elder
:
Flemish painter (b. ca.1525, d. 1569, Brussels
The Fall of Icarus
BRUEGEL, Pieter the Elder Children's
Games 1559-60
LEONARDO
da Vinci
(b. 1452,
Vinci, d.
1519, Cloux,
near Amboise,
France)
Mona Lisa (La
Gioconda)
c. 1503-5
Renaissance architecture :
the Palace of Fontainebleau
Classical
mythology
Italian artists,
who worked for
Francois I from
1530 to 1560.
• Diana
Huntress
1550-60
The first School
of Fontainebleau
introduced
Mannerism to
France.
Gabrielle d'Estrées and one
of her Sisters c. 1595
Jean Goujon the greatest
16th-century French sculptor.
• the Fontaine des
Innocents, 1548
• Goujon rejected the
Mannerism of the
Fontainebleau school
• revival of the
classical purity of
later 5th century
Greek art.
Nymph
1548-49
Marble
Musée du Louvre, Paris
17th century: Baroque (classicism)
• Violent movement
• Strong emotion and
dramatic lighting
and colors
• Examples: N.
Poussin, Georges
Latour, Louis Le
Nain, Hyacinthe
Rigaud (Louis XIV)
http://www.chateauversailles.fr/
Nicholas Poussin:
Et in Arcadia Ego'
1637-39-Musée du Louvre, Paris
The Holy Family on the Steps
-
Poussin 1648
Inspiration from the Greeks and the Romans
Georges La Tour (1640’s)
Influenced by
Italian painter
of light and
darkness,
Caravaggio
The New Born
th
18
century: Rococo
• Originated in
France
• Highly decorated
forms
• In reaction to the
massiveness of the
Baroque
• Examples:
Jean – Antoine
Watteau,
Jean-Honoré
FRAGONARD.
Happy Accidents of
the Swing
Fragonard 1767
18th century:
Neoclassicism:The Oath of the Horatii J-L
David 1784
Neoclassical painting
• Late 18th to early
19th centuries
• Revived order and
harmony of ancient
Roman and Greek
art
• Examples: Jacques
Louis David
Romanticism
• Late 18th to mid
19th centuries
• Utilized drama and
bright colors
• Reaction to
Neoclassicism
• Examples: Eugene
Delacroix and
Theodore Gericault
Delacroix: Liberty Leading
the People , 1830
19th Century
Delacroix: The Death of Sardanapalus 1827
19thc Realism:
Courbet,
The Stone Breakers, 1849
Impressionism
•
•
•
•
Late 19th century
Focused on transitory, visual impressions
Often painted directly from nature
Emphasis on changing effects of light and
color
• Examples: Edgar Degas, Edouard Manet,
Claude Monet, and Auguste Renoir
• Salon of the “refused”artists (1874, Paris)
Edouard Manet
•
Dejeuner sur l’herbe
& Olympia 1863
Monet
Renoir
Nympheas1887
Le Moulin de la Galette 1876
Villa by the Seaside,1874-
Berthe Morisot
Pointillism
• 1880’s
• Developed by
Seurat and Signac
• Dots that were to
mix in the eyes of
its viewers
• Also called
divisionism or
neoimpressionism
La Grande Jatte, Seurat,
1884-86
Post Impressionism
• Turn of the century
• Reaction against
Impressionism
• Examples:
• Paul Cezanne and
• Paul Gauguin
The Basket of Apples , Cézanne 1895
Van Gogh
Art Nouveau
• MODERN IMAGINATION AND
ESTHETICS
posters for the theater
• Example: Henri de
Toulouse – Lautrec
• A Mucha
( Sarah Bernhardt )
Sculpture –Auguste Rodin
The Thinker/Le Penseur [1881)
Louvre
Camille Claudel, L’Age mur
(1899-1913) Musée d'Orsay
• Frédéric-Auguste
Bartholdi
• French Sculptor, 18341904
• The Statue of Liberty
–Gustave
Eiffel
–The Eiffel
Tower
(1889)
Art Nouveau: architecture
Victor Horta, architect
Belgian, 1861 – 1947
Subway in Paris by
Guimard
Interior of the Tassel
House, 1893
20th century (1900-1950)
The School of Paris, Modernism:
abstraction and color
Avant-Garde until World War II
Fauvism
Cubism
Abstract ART
Dada
Surrealism
Post-modernism (After WWII)
Pop Art
Op Art
Performance Art
Neo-Expressionism
Henri MATISSE
http://www.matissepicasso.org/home.asp
Fauvism:
Liberation of Color, reinterpretation of “reality”
Woman with the
Hat (1905)
Red Interior on Blue
Table (1947)
Henri Rousseau: naïve art
Cubism ( leader Picasso:
geometrical forms, interpretation of space)
Houses at L’Estaque – Georges Braque (1908)
DADA
Marcel Duchamp (1887-1968)
Ready-made, scandalous art
Surrealism
• 1920’s and 1930’s
• Tries to explore the
subconcious
pictorially
• Example: René
Magritte (Belgian)
The Treachery of Images -Magritte
1928
Paul Delvaux (Belgian)
1897-1994
The Village of the
Mermaids, 1942
Pygmalion, 1939
Postmodernism
(Post World War II)
Jean Helion
Nature morte aux pains et salueurs, 1946
Le second Royaume (1983)
Vasarely (1906-1997)—Op Art
Contemporary art.
Jean Tinguely
Homage to Stravinsky, Paris 1980
Nikki de St Phalle
• 1961, New Realists
Nanas, 1974
Christo
(wrappings) 1985
Modern Architecture—
Pompidou Center (1971-77)
PEI
(architect)
(The Louvre
glass pyramid)