Transcript Document

Chemical
Compounds of Cells
Gaiser Life Science
Know
Chemical Compounds of Cells
Why is water one of the most important compounds for
cells to function?
“I don’t know.” is not an acceptable answer.
Use complete sentences.
Evidence
After listening to the PowerPoint lecture, come back
here and list evidence to explain why your answer to the
above question is or is not a good answer. You may also
use other outside sources to help you respond.
Page 26
Clarifying ?s
What makes
up living
cells?
elements
atom
Elements of
living things
compound
Chemical Compounds of Cells
Information
Background information
– a substance in its simplest form, made up of only one
type of atom
Example: oxygen, symbolized by a capital O
– the smallest unit of an element
Example: carbon (C), oxygen (O), hydrogen
(H), nitrogen (N), sulfur (S), phosphorus (P)
– two or more elements joind together chemically
Example: water – H2O
Organic
compound
– two or more elements joined chemically that contain carbon, all
living things are made of organic compounds.
Page 27
Clarifying ?s
Organic
compound
protein
Chemical Compounds of Cells
Information
– compounds that contain carbon, all living things are made of
organic compounds.
– (C), (O), (H), (N), & (S)
Example: meat, eggs, fish, nuts, & beans
carbohydrates
– (C), (H), & (O)
lipids
Example: sugars & starches
– (C), (H), & (O)
Example: fats, oils, & waxes
Page 27
Clarifying ?s
lipids
Nucleic acids
inorganic
compounds
water
Chemical Compounds of Cells
Information
– (C), (H), & (O)
Example: fats, oils, & waxes
– (C), (O), (H), (N), (P), & (S)
Example: DNA, which carries genetic info
from parents to offspring & RNA, which
produces protein in cytoplasm and nucleus
– combinations of 2 or more elements held together chemically
without carbon being present
– reactions in cells can’t happen without H2O.
Example: helps cells maintain shape,
size, and temperature
amino acids
– smallest units that link protein together
enzyme
– protein that speeds up chemical reactions
Example: Saliva speeds up digestion.
Summary:
Page 28
Clarifying ?s
What makes
up living
cells?
elements
atom
Elements of
living things
compound
Chemical Compounds of Cells
Information
Background information
– a substance in its simplest form, made up of only one
type of atom
Example: oxygen, symbolized by a capital O
– the smallest unit of an element
Example: carbon (C), oxygen (O), hydrogen
(H), nitrogen (N), sulfur (S), phosphorus (P)
– two or more elements joind together chemically
Example: water – H2O
Organic
compound
– two or more elements joined chemically that contain carbon, all
living things are made of organic compounds.
protein
– (C), (O), (H), (N), & (S)
Example: meat, eggs, fish, nuts, & beans
carbohydrates
– (C), (H), & (O)
lipids
Example: sugars & starches
– (C), (H), & (O)
Example: fats, oils, & waxes
Page 27
Clarifying ?s
Nucleic acids
Chemical Compounds of Cells
Information
– (C), (O), (H), (N), (P), & (S)
Example: DNA, which carries genetic info
from parents to offspring & RNA, which
produces protein in cytoplasm and nucleus
inorganic
compounds
water
– combinations of 2 or more elements held together chemically
without carbon being present
– reactions in cells can’t happen without H2O.
Example: helps cells maintain shape,
size, and temperature
amino acids
– smallest units that link protein together
enzyme
– protein that speeds up chemical reactions
Example: Saliva speeds up digestion.
Summary:
Page 28
This PowerPoint was created from Charlene Shea’s lecture notes by Tim
Paterek. It is copyrighted and may not be reproduced outside the
Vancouver School District. All pictures came from Google Image Search. To
fall within the Fair Use Guidelines, this PowerPoint must be used within the
confines of the classroom and may not be published back onto the Internet
unless the pictures are removed.