Transcript Digestive System Diseases

Digestive System
Diseases
HAP
Susan Chabot
2013-2014
Peritonitis
• Inflammation of the peritoneum, the inner
lining of the abdomen and covering of
abdominal organs.
• Often the result of an infection
• Can be caused by ruptured appendix or
trauma.
Gallstones
• Properly known as Cholelithiasis
• Formed through crystallization of bile and
cholestrol in the gall bladder as the result
of dietary habits.
• Can lead to gall bladder inflammation:
cholecyctitis
• May pass on own but often results in
removal of the gall bladder.
Gallstones
Jaundice
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Properly called Icterus/Icteric
Yellowing of the skin and eyes
Result of liver malfunction/damage
Can be due to a variety of causes
– Infection/Hepatitis
– Inflammation/Cirrhosis
– Liver cancer
Hepatitis
• Inflammation of the liver
• Often caused by an infection by the
hepatitis virus; several varieties passed in
numerous ways.
• Other causes:
– Alcohol consumption
– Medications
– Autoimmune disease
Cirrhosis
• Replacement of normal liver
tissue by scar tissue.
• The result of advanced liver
disease.
• Causes:
– Alcoholism
– Hepatitis infection
– Fatty liver disease (bad diet)
Emesis
• To vomit
• Caused by a variety of conditions
– Infection
– Poisoning
– Radiation
– Movement
– Symptom of other conditions
Peptic Ulcer
• Eroding of the mucus lining of the stomach
or small intestine.
• Due to elevated levels of acid and pepsin
in the stomach.
• Can be caused by:
– Bacterial infection
– Medication
– Diet
– Stress
Pancreatitis
• Inflammation of the
pancreas
• Most cases are
caused by alcoholism
or gallstones
• Causes severe upper
abdominal and back
pain, nausea, and
emesis.
Diverticulosis
• Inflammation of the diverticuli,
pockets in the large intestine.
• Weaknesses in the muscle
layer of the large intestine.
• Can lead to colon cancer if left
untreated/chronic.
• Symptoms are cramping,
bloating, and other digestive
issues.
PKU
• Phenylketonuria
• Genetic metabolic disorder
• Can not digest certain amino
acids
• Require strict dietary restrictions
to avoid accumulation of one
amino acid in the brain.
• Can lead to severe brain damage
if not identified early in life.
Obesity
• Medical condition in which excess fat has
reached a level that it will have a negative
effect on health and reduced life expectancy.
• BMI exceeds 30kg/m2
• Leading cause of:
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Heart disease
Diabetes
Sleep apnea
Some cancers
arthritis
Anorexia
• Decreased sensation of
appetite.
• Anorexia nervosa is the
nervous system disorder
related to an eating disorder.
• Typically the result of OCD or
BDD (Body Dysmorphic
Disorder).
• Can range from little caloric
intake to total self-starvation.
Crohn’s Disease
• Inflammatory Bowel Disease
(IBD/IBS)
• Wide variety of symptoms depending
on where in the GI tract the
inflammation is occurring.
• Caused by interaction between
environment, immune function, and
bacterial factors that disrupt normal
GI function.
• Classified as an Autoimmune
disorder.