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Introduction to Pharmacology INTI University TCM Tay Ju Lee MD Meditate or Medicate? BOTH? Acupuncture or Drug? Today’s Questions… What is Pharmacology? ◦ Scope of what will we learn…. Why study Pharmacology? How are we going to remember all this? WHAT IS PHARMACOLOGY? What is Pharmacology? Another very thick medical textbook to study… Something to do with what’s in the back of Watsons & Guardian. Taking a bitter medicine What the doctor will force me to take when I get older. Something that can cure disease? What is Pharmacology? Pharmacology can be defined as the study of the effects of drugs on the function of living systems. Born in mid 19th century – New biomedical science based on principle of experimentation not dogma. Flourished in 20th century – Synthetic chemistry began to revolutionize pharmaceutical company. History of Pharmacology.pdf Drug vs Medicine What is a drug? ◦ Chemical substance of known structure, other than food, which when administered intentionally to a living organism, produces a biological effect. What is medicine? ◦ Chemical preparation, usually contains one or more drugs, administered with the intention of producing a therapeutic effect. Who can dispense drugs in Malaysia? A - Group A P o i s o n Can only be sold by a licensed wholesaler to a pharmacist or to another licensed wholesaler or by a licensed wholesaler to be immediately exported to a purchaser outside Malaysia. B - Group B Can be dispensed only against prescription of a Registered Medical Practitioner, Dentist, or Veterinary Surgeon, as the case may be and with the prescription in the correct form as required by the law. C - Group C Can only be sold as a dispensed medicine with entry in the Prescription Book. D - Group D C l a s s Can only be sold as a dispensed medicine with an entry in the Poisons Book. P2 - Part II Poisons Retail sale restricted to Poison Licence Holder. Labelling requirements only. NP- Non-scheduled Poisons Non-scheduled poisons or over the counter products for retail sale. What is Pharmacology today? TCM What are we going to learn? Basic principles of pharmacology ◦ Pharmacokinetics ◦ Pharmacodynamics TCM Pharmacology Course Syllabus Final.pdf What are we going to learn? Common therapeutic agents in treatment of disease ◦ How drugs affect ANS ◦ Targeting different body systems CNS CVS Endocrine GI & Pulmonary Chemotherapeutic Drugs Anti-inflammatory Drugs What are we going to learn? Also ◦ Drugs of abuse ◦ Over the Counter Medication ◦ Toxicology and toxicity testing ◦ Drug development, evaluation and regulation for clinical use. WHY STUDY PHARMACOLOGY? World View of Pharmacology… Every single belief has it’s own world view… What is the worldview of Pharmacology? It’s in your genes Only Matter Matters Military style Double-Blind Randomized Controlled Trials Spare Parts Analogy – Evolving with nature What’s the patient’s dilemma? What are the options? Why Study Pharmacology? It is the pervasive medicine of our time Rapid restoration of balance in emergency Understanding limits of Pharmacology Developing TCM in Malaysia – Credibility Understanding your role as a bridge Safety! Herb-Drug interaction – Swiss cheese Patient Safety Swiss Cheese Theory You are a bridge… Ben Franklin Bridge Philadelphia Drugs formulated from TCM herbals Vinblastine and vincristine are two powerful antitumor alkaloids isolated from Catharanthus roseus (Chang Chung Hua). Antimalarial artemisinin from "Qing Hao" How are we going to remember? Pay attention to BIG concepts. Making connections LINK. Pictures, pictures, pictures and videos. Memory tips ◦ ◦ ◦ ◦ Chunking information Mnemonics Breaking down big words Wild associations Online Resources ◦ http://pharmacointi.myhq.com/links/ -Josh Waitzkin References Howland et al (2006) Lippincott’s Pharmacology 3rd Ed. Rang et al (2007) Rang & Dale’s Pharmacology 6th Ed. Chen, J.K et al (2003) Chinese Medical Herbology and Pharmacology Drugs from TCM.pdf Josh Waitzkin – Art of Learning http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gTZS3SqpT-o