Transcript Diapositiva 1

Physiological Systems
Modeling and Simulation
Federica Caselli
University of Rome “Tor Vergata”
A.A. 2011/2012
Physiological Systems Modeling and Simulation
Modeling
Simulation
Physiological Systems Modeling and Simulation
Examples?
Purpose of modeling
Modeling process:
 Understanding physiology
 Model formulation
 Diagnosis
 Parameter identification
 Prediction
 Model validation
 Artificial organ design
 Model simulation
 Virtual medicine
…
(iterative process!)
Type of models
 Black or gray box (data or system modeling)
 Linear or nonlinear
 Stationary or time-dependent
 Lumped or distributed parameters (ODE or PDE)
 Deterministic or stochastic
…
LTI Models of Physiological Systems
Example: linearized
lung mechanics
System Identification
Gray box
Black box
Physiological CONTROL Systems
Homeostasis!
Milestones
1952
Milestones
1938
Hill model
1957
Huxley
crossbridge
model
Electric conduction in cells and tissues
Normalized drug mass in the container
Drug delivery system modeling
Cell encapsulation
Biomechanics
viscosity [dyn*s/cm2]
0.1
Power
Carreau
Casson
Mod. Casson
Quaemada
0.08
0.06
0.04
0.02
0
0
100
200
strain rate
300
400
Biomechanics
Biomechanics
Biomechanics
symmetry
clamped
contact
Biomechanics
Stress free
100 %
Heart-lung machine
Oxygen diffusion and transport, blood flow dynamics,
stress on red blood cell and haemolysis ...
Challenges
 Complexity
 Multiphysics & Multiscale models
 Holistic approach
 Growth and remodeling
 Patient-Specific models
 Noninvasive method for parameter identification
 Computational efforts
To name but a few!
References
 Cobelli C. and Carson E., Introduction to Modeling in Physiology and
Medicine, Elsevier/Academic Press, New York, 2007.
 Holzapfel G.A., Nonlinear Solid Mechanics: A Continuum Approach for
Engineering, Wiley, New York, 2000.
 Humphrey J.D., Cardiovascular Solid Mechanics: cells, tissues and
organs, Springer-Verlag, 2002.
 Keener J. and Sneyd J., Mathematical Physiology – Systems Physiology,
Springer.
 Khoo M.C.K., Physiological Control Systems, IEEE Press, 2000.
 Quarteroni A., Cardiovascular Mathematics, Springer, 2009.
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