Transcript Amber: Substance Use

Using Alcohol &
Other Drugs
Health Psychology
PSCY 4080
Amber M. Henslee, M.S.
Prevalence

Binge = five+ drinks on the same
_______ at least once per month
• 20.6%

Heavy = more than 14 drinks/week
for men (or 7+ for women)
• 5.6%
Prevalence

Weschler et al. @ Harvard College
Alcohol Study – 1993, ’97, ‘99
• Gender specific definition for binge
drinking
• The ____ measure
College Alcohol Study (1999)

Frequent bingers = 23% (slight rise
from 20%)
• 3+ binges in past 2 weeks

Occasional bingers = 21%
• 1-2 binges in past 2 weeks

Nonbingers=37% & Abstainers=19%
Class Participation

AUDIT = ___________________
• Not a diagnostic tool
• Only a screening measure

Drug History Survey
Effects of Alcohol & Drugs



Tolerance - w/ continued use more is
needed to produce the same effect
Withdrawal - physiological reaction to
__________ use
Dependence – a physiological
necessity for functioning
More on Tolerance

Longtime heroin users, for instance,
have been observed to require ten
thousand times the dose they
injected when they began their habit.
Their brains adapt to heroin to such
an extent that they inject themselves
with quantities of this narcotic that
could kill a person not tolerant to
heroin.
Abuse

A _________ pattern of substance
use manifested by recurrent and
significant adverse consequences
related to the repeated use of the
substance.
Abuse

There may be failure to fulfill major
role obligations, repeated use in
situations in which it is physically
hazardous, multiple legal problems,
and recurrent social and
interpersonal problems.
Dependence

A cluster of cognitive, behavioral,
and physiological symptoms
indicating that the individual
continues use of the substance
despite ________ substance-related
problems.
Dependence

There is a pattern of repeated
____________ that usually results in
tolerance, withdrawal, and
compulsive drug taking.
Hazards

Direct
• Physical
• Mental
• Pregnancy

Indirect
• Unintentional
injury
• MVAs
• Aggressive bx
• ___________
Second-Hand Effects of Alcohol

Wechsler and Dowdall (1998)
• Having study time or sleep interrupted 60.6%
• Having to take care of a drunken
student - 50.2%
• Being insulted or humiliated - 28.6%
Benefits of Alcohol Use



For LIGHT –MODERATE drinkers
Lower risk of heart disease
Strokes?
• Less risk of ischemic stroke

Restriction of blood supply
• More risk of ___________ stroke

Rupture of blood vessel