Transcript Nanotechnology and

Lions and Tigers and.....Wheat?
Nanotechnology and Agriculture
Deb Newberry
Dakota County Technical College
Nano-Link Regional Center for Nanotechnology Education
[email protected]
STEMtech 2011
Indianapolis IN US
A Bit of History
• 2004 DCTC started an AAS Degree Nanoscience Technologist Program
• NSF funded
• Multi-disciplinary
—
3M,Valspar, CimaNanotech, Medtronic, Mayo, Boston Scientific, IBM, Honeywell…..
• Partnership with the University of MN
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Dr. Steve Campbell – EE Department
Nanofabrication Facility
Characterization Facility
Biotechnology Lab
Nanoparticle lab
Dakota County Technical College
Nanoscience Technology Program Course Outline and Credit Allocation
rev. 2011
Semester 1
at DCTC
Semester 2
at DCTC
Semester 3
at DCTC
Semester 4
At U of MN
Course
BIOL
1500
Name
General
Biology
Credits
4
Course
CHEM
1500
Name
Introduction to
Chemistry
Credits
4
Course
NANO
2101
Name
Nano
Electronics
Credits
3
Course
MT
3111
Name
Elem. of Micro
Manufacturing
Credits
3
PHYS
1100
College
Physics I
4
PHYS
1200
College
Physics II
4
NANO
2111
Nanobiotechnology/
Agriculture
3
MT
3112
Elem. of Micro Mfg 1
Lab
NANO
1211
Student Research 3
NANO
2121
Nanomaterials
3
MT
3121
Thin Films
Deposition
3
ENGL
1100
Writing &
Research
Skills
3
SPEE
1020
Interpersonal
Communication
3
NANO
2131
Manufacturing,
Quality Assurance
2
MT
3131
Intro to Materials
Characterization
3
MATS
1300
College
Algebra
4
MATS
1250
Principles of
Statistical
Analysis
4
NANO
2140
Interdisciplinary
Lab
3
MT
3132
Materials
Characterization
Lab
1
NANO
1100
Fund. of
Nano I
3
NANO
1200
Fund of Nano II
3
NANO
2151
Career Planning and
Industry
1
MT
3141
Principles and
Applications of
Bionanotechnology
3
NANO
1210
Computer
Simulation
1
MT
3142
Nanoparticles &
Biotechnology Lab
1
NANO
2970
Internship
2
Credits
13 to 21 Credits
19
Credits
15
Credits
17
Lead Institution: Dakota County Technical College
University Partner: University of Minnesota
PI: Deb Newberry [email protected]
Courtesy of:
Dr. Prashant Jain
UCBerkeley
1959
Feynman gives after-dinner talk describing
molecular machines building with atomic
precision
1974
Taniguchi uses term "nano-technology" in
paper on ion-sputter machining
1981
STM invented
1986
AFM invented
1985
Buckyball discovered
1989
IBM logo spelled in individual atoms
1997
First company founded: Zyvex
HISTORY OF NANOTECHNOLOGY
Nanotechnology has been primarily driven
by the semiconductor industry and the
need for smaller, faster, and more efficient
chips.
Packing more and more transistors onto a
single chip made many aspects of modern
life possible.
Nanotechnology is….
The ability to observe, image, study, measure
and manipulate at the molecular and atomic scale
Why is understanding the molecular or atomic level structure
of a material important?
Atomic (electronic) structure
Molecular structure
Physical characteristics
Biological characteristics
Electrical characteristics
Engineering
Electronics,
Construction
Design
Physics
Energy
Agriculture
Chemistry
NanoScience
Nanotechnology
Medicine
Diagnostics
Treatment
Biology
Material
Science
Coatings
Lubricants
Engineering
Electronics,
Construction
Design
Physics
Energy
Agriculture
Chemistry
NanoScience
Nanotechnology
Medicine
Diagnostics
Treatment
Biology
Material
Science
Coatings
Lubricants
Nano/Biotech Circle
Tools of Nanoscience
Biological Systems
Bio mimicry
Diagnosis
Treatment
System and interaction
understanding
Nano materials
Use of Nanotechnology
• To study the biological world
– Understand processes – photoelectric effect – how do plants do that?
– Understanding interactions – drugs, proteins and side effects
– Understanding transplants – improve surgery techniques, reduce rejection
– Understanding processes – how do biological systems go from healthy to
unhealthy (and vice versa)?
To Understand, Measure and Study
Understanding and Imitating Nature
Nanoscale Concepts Directly Tie to Biology
Properties Dependent on Size
Nanoscale Concepts Directly Tie to Biology
Priorities of Forces and Interactions
Polymers
Two Variations on a Theme
•
Cross-linked
•
Ringed
Cross-Linked Polymer
Each bond
between atoms
has a specific
strength
A different atom or molecule introduced into this polymer “system” can form
or break bonds dependent upon the relative strengths.
Changes in bonds will result in a change in the atomic arrangement
(molecular structure) and potentially change the properties of the “system”.
Activity: Cross-linked Polymer
Magic Snow (Steve Spangler Science)
Cross Linked Polymer – similar to collagen or cellulose – the “zigzag” of the polymer gives it the
elastic property and the cross-linking between zigzags helps keep the structure (stiffness)
Place a small amount of the material in a Petri dish -- Feel it and observe it’s physical properties
Using a plastic transfer pipette add some water to the material
Observe what happens
Now feel the resulting material – How have the physical properties changed?
What do you think happened?
Answer: The water, a dipole molecule interacted with and affected the cross-linking bonds
“releasing” the polymers – We changed the atomic arrangement and as a result changed the
physical properties of the material.
Super Absorbing Polymers (Found in diapers) are ringed type polymers
Surface tension
(balanced cohesive and adhesive forces)
“traps” moisture in the ring structure.
Similar to the ring blower shape for soap bubbles
Cut a small area of diaper
Add water until saturated
Measure the amount of water (volume or weight)
Determine number of water molecules in the amount absorbed
Determine surface area that could be covered by a 1 atom thick layer
i.e. assuming a water molecule has a vol. of .4 nm x .4 nm x.3nm
5 cc of water would cover 130m x 130m
Other organizations are looking at ways in which nanotechnology can offer
improvements in sensitivity or ease by which contamination of food is detected.
For example, AgroMicron has developed the NanoBioluminescence Detection
Spray which contains a luminescent protein that has been engineered to bind to the
surface of microbes such as Salmonella and E. coli.
When bound, it emits a visible glow, thus allowing easy detection of contaminated
food or beverages. The more intense the glow is, the higher the bacterial
contamination.
The company aims to market the product under the name BioMark and is currently
designing new spray techniques to apply in ocean freight containerized shipping as
well as to fight bioterrorism.
Nanotechnology Impact on Agriculture – Animals and Crops
• Electronic Tagging of animals
– A whole lot more than GPS
• Feed input
• Output
• Vital signs – BP, heart rate, temperature etc.
• Crop Monitoring
– Remote sensing
– Remote delivery
• Food
– Tactile
– Nutrition
– Packaging
• Medical
Sensors –
To detect and signal
Center for Agricultural and Pharmaceutical
Nanotechnology (CAPN)
Agriculture &Food Nanotechnology
Pharmaceutical & Drug Delivery Applications
􀀀Tools for Plant-Based Drug Discovery
􀀀Methods for Drug Delivery
􀀀Tools for Crop Research
􀀀Sensors for Safety/Quality
Plant-derived nanomaterials
Plant-derived compounds
Corn and Potato-Based Nano-Filler Material to Improve
Strength of Biodegradble Fibers
Membrane Made from Organic Waste
Matter Could Help Crops
Conserve Water
DCTC NanoScience Program
Traditional Science Applicable Concepts
Critical
Thinking
Conceptual
Understanding
(lecture and lab experiences)
Nanoscience Concepts
Physics
(lecture and lab experiences)
Chemistry
Biology
Hands-On
21st Century
Skills
Materials
Science
Math
Sense of
Scale
Surface
area to
volume
ratio
Atomic and
Molecular
Structure
Material
Properties
Forces and
Interactions
Quantum
Effects
Application
Extension
of basic
Concepts
“Self
assembly”
Engineering
Nanoelectronics
Nanomaterials
Nanobiotechnology
Computer
Simulation
Thank You!!!!!!
[email protected]
[email protected]