Transcript Sedative hypnotic

SEDATIVE HYPNOTIC

Short-term use (days to a few weeks) for insomnia; not for long
term use

Long-term use (months or years); long-term use can cause druginduced abnormalities in the patient's sleep cycle

In combination with analgesics in painful situations

Preoperative anesthetics

Dental work, surgery, etc.
USES

Flurazepam (Dalmane) Schedule IV

Alprazolam (Xanax), Schedule IV

Lorazepam (Ativan), Schedule IV

Diazepam (Valium), Schedule IV

Temazepam (Restoril), Schedule IV

Triazolam (Halcion), Schedule IV

Clonazepam (Klonopin), Schedule IV

Chlordiazepoxide (Librium), Schedule IV
BENZODIAZEPINES
PRESCRIBERS ARE MORE LIKELY TO
PRESCRIBE A NON-CONTROLLED LEGEND
DRUG BEFORE A CONTROLLED SUBSTANCE
LIKE BENZOS.

“Z Drugs” are a group of nonbenzodiazepine drugs with effects
similar to benzodiazepines which are used in the treatment of
insomnia and whose names mostly start with the letter “Z”.

Some “Z” drugs may have advantages over benzodiazepines:

Zolpidem (Ambien), Schedule IV

Eszopiclone (Lunesta), Schedule IV

Zaleplon (Sonata), Schedule IV

Ramelteon (Rozerem), Legend Drug, is a melatonin receptor
agonist-mimics the action of melatonin
MISC. DRUGS SIMILAR TO BENZOS

Drowsiness

Addiction

Tolerance and dependence

Respiratory and cardiac depression (with high doses)
SIDE EFFECTS
SKELETAL MUSCLE
RELAXANTS

Relieve muscle spasm associated with muscle inflammation and
injury

Useful in neuromuscular disorders such as Multiple Sclerosis and
Cerebral Palsy
USES

Cyclobenzaprine (Flexeril), Legend Drug

Methocarbamol (Robaxin), Legend Drug

Baclofen (Lioresal), Legend Drug

Carisoprodol (Soma), Schedule IV

Metaxalone (Skelaxin), Legend Drug

Tizanidine (Zanaflex), Legend Drug

Orphenadrine (Norflex), Legend Drug

Chlorzoxazone (Parafon Forte), Legend Drug
EXAMPLES

Drowsiness

Addiction

Tolerance and dependence

Respiratory and cardiac depression (with high doses)
SIDE EFFECTS