Transcript Idea and Evidence to Paragraphs

Research Paper and
Process
Main Idea and
Evidence-Turning
Ideas into Paragraphs
• Draft four body
paragraphs by
connecting main
ideas and
evidence
Your Task(s)
• Connect the pieces of evidence and analysis into a MEAL
paragraph.
• Begin with your main assertion; then, organize the pieces of
evidence to build on one another.
▫ Be sure that each piece of evidence has an explanation and a
analysis
▫ The analysis is defending how the evidence you chose supports
your main assertion.
• Once your evidence is explained and analyzed, link the
paragraph back to the thesis or link to the next paragraph.
• Use the templates to help you shape your writing.
Main Idea and Evidence
Supporting Question: What strategies help those with ADHD?
Main Assertion: Structure is important for people with AD(H)D.
Quote 1:People with AD(H)D can help themselves by making lists to
remind themselves of things they need to do (Hallowell & Ratey, p.
255).
Quote 2: They should divide large tasks into small ones and give
themselves deadlines for finishing each small part (Hallowell &
Ratey, p. 247).
Quote 3: Sometimes it helps to have an ADD coach. An ADD coach
asks what tasks the AD(H)D person needs to do and what they're
doing to prepare, and can even help choose, prioritize, and define
goals (Hallowell & Ratey, pp. 226-227).
Completed Paragraph
Structure is important for people with
AD(H)D. People with AD(H)D can help
themselves by making lists to remind themselves
of things they need to do (Hallowell and Ratey
255). They should divide large tasks into small
ones and give themselves deadlines for finishing
each small part (Hallowell and Ratey 247).
Sometimes it helps to have an ADD coach. An
ADD coach asks what tasks the AD(H)D person
needs to do and what they're doing to prepare,
and can even help choose, prioritize, and define
goals (Hallowell and Ratey 226-227).
Main Idea and Evidence #1
Supporting Question: What are the different types of ADHD?
Main Assertion: AD(H)D is not a single condition; instead, there are three subtypes. People
with the predominantly inattentive type have trouble paying attention. Those with the
predominantly hyperactive-impulsive type are hyperactive and impulsive. The combined
type includes all three major symptoms (DSM-IV, p. 80).
Quote 1: Perhaps the most well known symptom of AD(H)D is hyperactivity but not all
people with AD(H)D are hyperactive. (Hallowell and Ratey)
Explanation 1: Indeed, they say that many people with ADD-mostly girls and women-are
quiet daydreamers (p. 153)
Quote 2: children with AD(H)D are "consistently inconsistent." ( Robertson)
Explanation 2: That means the same student could do very well in school one month then
very poorly the next (Hallowell & Ratey, p. 65).
Quote 3: People with AD(H)D are sometime able to hyper focus. (Hallowell and Ratey)
Explanation 3: That means they may focus very well on one thing for a long time and will
have trouble stopping when it is time to finish.
Completed Paragraph
AD(H)D is not a single condition; instead, there are three
subtypes. People with the predominantly inattentive type have
trouble paying attention. Those with the predominantly
hyperactive-impulsive type are hyperactive and impulsive. The
combined type includes all three major symptoms (DSM-IV 80).
Perhaps the most well known symptom of AD(H)D is hyperactivity,
but Hallowell and Ratey (1994) emphasize that not all people with
AD(H)D are hyperactive. Indeed, they say that many people with
ADD-mostly girls and women-are quiet daydreamers (153).
Robertson (2000) notes that children with AD(H)D are
"consistently inconsistent." That means the same student could do
very well in school one month then very poorly the next (Hallowell
and Ratey 65). Hallowell and Ratey also point out that people with
AD(H)D are sometime able to hyper focus. That means they may
focus very well on one thing for a long time and will have trouble
stopping when it is time to finish.
Main Idea and Evidence #2
Supporting Question: What medications are there for overweight kids?
Main Assertion: The search for the right long-term medication has been
complicated.
Quote 1: Two of the medications—fenfluramine and dexfenfluramine—were
withdrawn from the market because of severe side effects (Yanovski & Yanovski,
2002, p. 592)
Explanation 1: Many of the drugs authorized by the Food and Drug
Administration (FDA) in the early 1990s proved to be a disappointment.
Quote 2: Several others were classified by the Drug Enforcement Administration
as having the “potential for abuse” (Hoppin & Taveras, 2004, Weight-Loss
Drugs section, para. 6).
Quote 3: Currently only two medications have been approved by the FDA for
long-term treatment of obesity: sibutramine (marketed as Meridia) and orlistat
(marketed as Xenical). ” (Hoppin & Taveras, 2004, Weight-Loss Drugs section,
para. 8).
Completed Paragraph
The search for the right long-term medication has been
complicated. Many of the drugs authorized by the Food and
Drug Administration (FDA) in the early 1990s proved to be
a disappointment. Two of the medications—fenfluramine
and dexfenfluramine—were withdrawn from the market
because of severe side effects (Yanovski & Yanovski, 2002,
p. 592), and several others were classified by the Drug
Enforcement Administration as having the “potential for
abuse” (Hoppin & Taveras, 2004, Weight-Loss Drugs
section, para. 6). Currently only two medications have been
approved by the FDA for long-term treatment of obesity:
sibutramine (marketed as Meridia) and orlistat (marketed
as Xenical).
Main Idea and Evidence #3
Supporting Question: Should employers be able to monitor their workers?
Main Assertion: Some experts have argued that a range of legitimate
concerns justifies employer monitoring of employee Internet usage.
Quote 1: “Employees could accidentally (or deliberately) spill confidential
information . . . or allow worms to spread throughout a corporate network”
(Daniel Tynan para. 13).
Quote 2: The ePolicy Institute, an organization that advises companies about
reducing risks from technology, reported that breaches in computer security
cost institutions $100 million in 1999 alone (Flynn).
Explanation 2: Companies also are held legally accountable for many of the
transactions conducted on their networks and with their technology.
Quote 3: The law holds employers liable for employees’ actions such as
violations of copyright laws, the distribution of offensive or graphic sexual
material, and illegal disclosure of confidential information (Jay Kesan 312).
Completed Paragraph
Some experts have argued that a range of legitimate
concerns justifies employer monitoring of employee Internet
usage. As PC World columnist Daniel Tynan points out,
companies that don’t monitor network traffic can be
penalized for their ignorance: “Employees could accidentally
(or deliberately) spill confidential information . . . or allow
worms to spread throughout a corporate network” (para. 13).
The ePolicy Institute, an organization that advises
companies about reducing risks from technology, reported
that breaches in computer security cost institutions $100
million in 1999 alone (Flynn). Companies also are held
legally accountable for many of the transactions conducted
on their networks and with their technology. Legal scholar
Jay Kesan points out that the law holds employers liable for
employees’ actions such as violations of copyright laws, the
distribution of offensive or graphic sexual material, and
illegal disclosure of confidential information (312).
Main Idea and Evidence #4
Supporting Question: Does monitoring workers help get more work done?
Main Assertion: Additionally, many experts disagree with employers’
assumption that online monitoring can increase productivity.
Quote 1: “a company shouldn’t care whether employees spend one or 10 hours
on the Internet as long as they are getting their jobs done—and provided that
they are not accessing inappropriate sites” (Joseph Schmitt said it in
Verespej).
Explanation 1: Other experts even argue that time spent on personal Internet
browsing can actually be productive for companies.
Quote 2: According to Bill Coleman, an executive at Salary.com, “Personal
Internet use and casual office conversations often turn into new business
ideas or suggestions for gaining operating efficiencies” (Bill Coleman said it
in Frauenheim).
Explanation 2: Employers, in other words, may benefit from showing more
faith in their employees’ ability to exercise their autonomy.
Completed Paragraph
Additionally, many experts disagree with employers’
assumption that online monitoring can increase
productivity. Employment law attorney Joseph Schmitt
argues that, particularly for employees who are paid a
salary rather than by the hour, “a company shouldn’t care
whether employees spend one or 10 hours on the Internet
as long as they are getting their jobs done—and provided
that they are not accessing inappropriate sites” (qtd. in
Verespej). Other experts even argue that time spent on
personal Internet browsing can actually be productive for
companies. According to Bill Coleman, an executive at
Salary.com, “Personal Internet use and casual office
conversations often turn into new business ideas or
suggestions for gaining operating efficiencies” (qtd. in
Frauenheim). Employers, in other words, may benefit from
showing more faith in their employees’ ability to exercise
their autonomy.
References
Hacker, Diane. MLA Handbook for Writers of
Research Papers. 6th ed. 2006. Boston:
Bedford/St. Martin. Print.
--. MLA Handbook for Writers of Research
Papers. 7th ed. 2009. Boston: Bedford/St.
Martin. Print.