Transcript chp 20 Krause

Chapter 20
Integrative
Medicine and
Phytotherapy
NCCAM

National Center for Complementary and
Alternative Medicine
—Investigates and evaluates alternative
therapies and their effectiveness
© 2004, 2002 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
Herbs and Botanicals

Used by many Americans

Always ask what patients are taking and
frequency of use
© 2004, 2002 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
Integrative Therapies
Health is more than the absence of disease.
The body can heal itself.

Naturopathy

Homeopathy

Traditional Chinese medicine

Acupuncture

Phytotherapy
© 2004, 2002 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
Naturopathy

Therapeutic system that uses natural
methods of healing (light, heat, air, water,
and massage)

Modalities of naturopathy include
phytomedicines, nutrition, nutritional
supplements, and natural forces
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Chiropractic

Healing system
—Involves manual manipulation of the
musculoskeletal parts of the body
—Meant to improve the normal functioning of
the nervous system, which in turn helps to
promote health
© 2004, 2002 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
Homeopathy

School of medicine based on the theory
that
—Substances in large doses that produce
symptoms of a disease in healthy people
will cure the same symptoms when
administered in very dilute amounts
© 2004, 2002 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
Traditional Chinese Medicine

Based on the concept of body life force chi
(Qi)

Forces that must be balanced
—Yin and yang and blood

Techniques used to bring chi back into
balance
—Acupuncture
—Moxibustion
—Chinese herbs
© 2004, 2002 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
Regulation

Dietary Supplement Health and
Education Act of 1994 (DSHEA).

Commission E monographs
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Commonly Used Botanicals

Echinacea

Hawthorn

Garlic

Milk thistle

Ginger

Saw palmetto

Gingko biloba

St. John’s wort

Ginseng

Valerian
© 2004, 2002 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
Echinacea

Source:
Purple cornflower

Indication:
Stop or moderate colds
or flu

Action:
Macrophages and their
secretions

Cautions:
Avoid if immune system is
hampered and do not use
continually
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Garlic

Source:
Garlic plant

Indication:
Lower serum cholesterol and
triglycerides

Action:
Chewing or crushing
activates several sulfurcontaining compounds

Cautions:
Allergies, GI symptoms,
interaction with
anticoagulant drugs
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Common Uses of Botanicals
Ginger:
For nausea and vomiting of
pregnancy and motion
sickness
Gingko:
Improved blood circulation
Ginseng:
General improvement from
the steroidlike components
Hawthorn:
Heart conditions, works as
well as an ACE inhibitor drug
© 2004, 2002 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
Common Uses of Botanicals—cont’d
Milk thistle:
Used to treat mild to
moderate liver diseases
Saw palmetto:
Reduce symptoms of
benign prostatic
hyperplasia (BPH)
St. John’s
wort:
Treat mild to moderate
depression
Valerian:
Tranquilizer and sleep aid
© 2004, 2002 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
Summary

Identify use of herbs and botanicals.

Monitor for side effects.

Document for records.

Discuss with physician.
© 2004, 2002 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.