Transcript Drug

Chapter 7:
DRUGS
Stats
 Alcohol and Illicit Drug Use (AIDU)
 The highest risk of illicit drug use is between the
ages of 12 and 25 years.
Stats
 90% of all drug users have used marijuana at
some point
Drugs and Crime
 75% of adult males arrested for violent crimes
in NY tested positive for drugs
 Half of all domestic violence involves drugs
 75% of evidence being evaluated in crime labs
in US is from drug related crimes
Drugs defined
 Drug
 any natural or synthetic substance designed to
affect humans psychologically or physically
 Some drugs are able to pass through your
body and into your brain and affect
neurotransmitters (chemical signals in brain)
Vocab
 Any drug in excessive amounts is a poison
 Poison
 any substance in body that negatively affects
metabolism. Bad for you!
 Study of poisons: toxicology!
 Metabolism
 ALL chemical reactions in your body, breaks down
drugs
A quote
 All substances are poisons; there is none
which is not a poison. The right dose
differentiates a poison from a remedy”
 -Parcelsus
Vocab
 Illicit drug
 taken only for pleasure. No medicinal value
 Controlled substance
 any drug restricted by law
Schedule of controlled subst.
Federal: DEA
 DEA: Drug Enforcement Administration
 Schedule I drugs:
 No acceptable medical use
 High abuse risk
 Heroin/Marijuana
 Schedule II drugs:
 Prescription must be written in ink and signed
 High abuse narcotics (pain killers)
 Severe psychotic or physical dependence
 Schedule III:
 Prescription can be in pencil
 Small amount of narcotic in it (tylenol +
codeine)
 Schedule IV and V:
 May not need prescription
Addiction
 Addiction: physiological and/or psychological
need or dependence on something with the
desire for MORE!
 Hard drugs are physically addictive
 Heroine, morphine, cocaine, nicotine
 Soft drugs are not physically addictive
 Marijuana, LSD, Mescaline
 Psychological addiction
 Caffeine, ketamine, marijuana
Physiological vs.
Physchological
 Physiological effects: withdrawal symptoms
 You can physically withdraw from something
and not be addicted if you are not
psychologically addicted
 Psychological effects: perceived NEED
Drug classifications
 Class A
 Highly addictive, Very dangerous
 POSSESSION: up to 7 yrs in prison
 DEALING: up to life in prison
 Example: Heroin, Morphine, GHB, Special K
 Class B
 Highly addictive, moderate danger
 POSSESSION: up to 5 yrs in prison
 DEALING: up to 14 years in prison
 Example: Cocaine, LSD, Ecstasy,
Oxycontin/oxycodone, Amphetamine, &
Methamphetamine
 Class C
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Not physically addictive
POSSESSION: up to 2 years in prison
DEALING: up to 14 years in prison
Example: xanax, vicodin, mescaline, mushrooms
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Class D
POSSESSION: under 1 ounce = violation
More than an ounce = up to 6 months
DEALING: up to 2 ½ years
Example: marijuana
Hallucinogens
 Change normal thought and senses
 Marijuana: THC is the active ingredient
 Hash oil: 50% THC
 LSD: found in fungus Ergot that grows on grain
(salem witch trials)
 flashbacks
 PCP: feel no pain, causes memory loss, paranoia
 Ecstasy (MDMA): Synthetic, confusion, memory
loss, increased bp & heart rate
 Ketamine (Special K): club drug like MDMA, GHB,
rufies, LSD, causes delerium and amnesia
Stimulants
 Stimulate the Central Nervous System
 Increase heart rate
 Increase blood pressure
 Anxiety
 Examples: cocaine, crack, meth
 Cocaine comes from coca plant, take 500 lbs of
leaves to make 1 lb of coke
 Nicotine and Caffeine are stimulants that are
not controlled substances
METH FACE
 http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/pages/frontline/me
th/body/
Depressants
 Depress Central Nervous System
 Slow heart rate
 Decrease blood pressure
 Slow reaction time
 Slower mental processing
 Hinder memory
 Examples: alcohol (not controlled substance),
tranquilizers, barbituates (downers), benzos
Narcotics/analgesics
 Pain relievers: affect Central Nervous System
 Opiates, morphine, codeine, HEROIN,
oxycodon, percoset
 Overdoses can cause death
 Mild anelgesics are OTC: tylenol, aspirin
OUCH!
 Drugs like meth and heroin actually REWIRE
your brain
 Becomes nearly impossible to feel any
pleasure due to damaged dopamine
receptors
Neurotransmitters
 http://faculty.plattsburgh.edu/donald.slish/D
A.html
 http://www.naabt.org/education/effects-of-
heroin.cfm
 http://faculty.washington.edu/chudler/hero.h
tml