Transcript Chapter 02

Clinical Neuroscience
by Kelly Lambert and Craig Howard Kinsley
Chapter 2
Research, Treatment, and Points of
View: Historical Perspectives
Emergence of the Brain as the
Controlling Center of Behavior,
Emotions, and Thought
Head, Heart, and Mind–Body Problem
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Hippocrates: Heart of mental functions
Galen: Spirit of mental functions
René Descartes: Body meets mind
Emergence of the Brain as the Controlling Center of
Behavior, Emotions, and Thought (cont.)
Localizing Functions in the Brain
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Thomas Willis: Pioneer of brain functions
Franz Joseph Gall: Rise and fall of phrenology
Paul Broca: Localization of language
Emergence of the Brain as the Controlling Center of
Behavior, Emotions, and Thought (cont.)
Pioneers of Cellular Investigations in the
Brain: The Architects
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Camillo Golgi: Revealing neuronal structure
with the perfect stain
Santiago Ramón y Cajal: Providing evidence
for the neuron doctrine
Charles Scott Sherrington: Describing the
synapse
Emergence of the Brain as the Controlling Center of
Behavior, Emotions, and Thought (cont.)
Pioneers of Cellular Investigations in the
Brain: The Chemical Engineers
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Otto Loewi: Dreaming of chemical
communication
Edgar D. Adrian: Amplifying the electrical
language of the neuron
Neurological Approaches to
Mental Illness
Mental Illness Meets the Microscope
Jean-Martin Charcot: Birth of Neurology
The Investigators:
Eric Richard Kandel: From
Studying the History of
Neuroscience to Becoming the
History of Neuroscience
Biological Therapies for
Mental Illness
Early Biological Treatments
Electroconvulsive Therapy (ECT)
The Drug Revolution
Psychosurgery
Importance of a Therapeutic
Environment
Phillip Pinel and the Fall of the Asylum
Behaviorism: A Different Type of
Therapeutic Environment
Beyond Behaviorism: Rethinking the Role
of Mental Processes in Mental Health
Profiling the Pioneers of Clinical
Neuroscience
Summary