Transcript Slide 1
AP Psychology Unit 1: Science of Psychology Essential Task 1-2: Distinguish the different careers in psychology (clinical, counseling, developmental, educational, experimental, human factors, industrial-organizational, personality, and psychometric) Approaches Growth of Psych to Psych We are here Careers The Science of Psychology Ethics Research Statistics Methods Sampling Descriptive Correlation Naturalistic Observation Case Study Survey Experiment Descriptive Central Tendency Variance Inferential Essential Task 1-2: Careers Outline • Distinguish the different careers in psychology Outline – – – – – – – – – Clinical Counseling Developmental Educational Experimental Human Factors Industrial-Organizational Personality Psychometric Clinical vs. Counseling • About 50% of all Psychologists • Counseling psychologists deal with “normal” problems, such as stress caused by career change or marital problems • Counseling psychologist’s focus more on the psychologically healthy individual where clinical focuses on individuals with serious mental illness (e.g. schizophrenia). • Clinical psychologists are concerned with diagnosis and treatment of psychological disorders • Split time between treatment and researching the cause of psychological disorders and the effectiveness of different types of psychotherapy and counseling. • Career options include: Outline – – – – – Licensed social workers Counseling psychologists Clinical psychologists Psychiatrists Psychoanalysts Developmental • Study of physical and mental growth from birth to old age • study of changing abilities from womb to tomb • Subfields – Child psychology – Adolescent psychology – Life-span psychology Outline Educational • School Psychologist • Psychological evaluations • Consult with school personnel in relation to students’ learning, behavior, and environments • They are trained to look at the effectiveness of academic programs, classroom agendas, and treatment interventions, which assists in the development of specific interventions. Outline Experimental • Design research experiments • May or may not have a direct impact on the treatment of patients • Animal subjects • Drug trials Outline Human Factors • The science of understanding the properties of human capability (Human Factors Science). • The application of this understanding to the design, development and deployment of systems and services (Human Factors Engineering). • The art of ensuring successful application of Human Factors Engineering to a program (sometimes referred to as Human Factors Integration).It can also be called ergonomics. Outline Industrial Organizational • Study of psychological principles in industry and business • Examples Outline – Selecting and training personnel – Productivity improvement – Optimizing working conditions – Managing the impact of automation on workers Personality • looks at the patterns of thoughts, feelings, and behavior that make a person unique. • Study of how people differ from one another on traits such as – – – – – Conscientiousness Agreeableness Neuroticism Openness Extraversion • Administer personality tests such as the MMPI or the Myers Briggs Outline Psychometric • the field of psychology concerned with the theory and technique of psychological measurement. • Create psychological tests that are reliable and valid. Outline